Training in Research Program on Alcohol Use by Persons with our at Risk for HIV

摘要我请求资助K24 AA 022586的5年更新，“培训和研究计划， 艾滋病毒感染者或有感染艾滋病毒风险的人饮酒”。在最初的K24资助期间，我的研究计划 蓬勃发展，从酒精对艾滋病毒风险和结果的影响的观察性研究进展到酒精 通过新的U 01和R 01基金进行干预研究。这些研究利用酒精生物标志物 （磷脂酰乙醇- PEth和乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷- EtG）和生物传感器，定期监测酒精在 出汗（透皮酒精）作为客观结果的措施和干预工具（为激励为基础的 干预）。在此期间，我的学员在出版方面也取得了成功（41名学员首先- 作者出版物）和赠款资金（K 01，R36，R34，R 01和U 01提案的8个奖项）。我建议 更新K24资金，以两种新的方式在这一研究和指导成功的基础上再接再厉。(1)我建议 通过包括使用酒精生物标志物的培训，扩大我的酒精/艾滋病毒研究指导， 生物传感器这包括指导学者通过生物标志物或生物传感器（例如， 探索生物标志物与生物传感器的组合，检查生物传感器和即时生物标志物在 真实的世界等）。它还包括指导研究人员进行艾滋病毒合并症的研究（如 结核病、病毒性肝炎、多种药物使用）和脆弱人群（即青少年、艾滋病毒感染婴儿， 受感染的妇女，经历亲密伴侣暴力的妇女），将饮酒的作用纳入其 研究，使用生物标记物或生物传感器。为了方便这些扩展到我的指导，我将使用K24 为学员主导的试点项目提供生物标志物和生物传感器的续设资金。(2)我建议采取慎重的 采取步骤，加强对被认定为代表性不足的少数群体的人的指导， 艾滋病毒研究人员的劳动力来自受药物使用影响不成比例的人群 （包括酒精）和艾滋病毒。拟议的K24研究部分将利用宝贵的数据源， 为学员提供生物标志物和生物传感器研究经验。这些将是（1）汇集来自多个 酒精研究，超过5000名参与者进行PEth测试，以检查PEth阳性的相关性，最佳 （2）利用佩戴酒精生物传感器28天的饮酒者的数据，进一步 检查PEth截止值，以及（3）检查低成本的即时尿EtG的测试阳性的相关性 在目前对危险饮酒者的研究中进行了测试。最大限度地发挥作为研究领导者和 导师，我建议额外的培训是在快速发展的酒精生物标志物/生物传感器的最前沿 此外，还提供培训，使其成为认同为URM的人的文化上敏感的导师。总之，这 K24支持的研究和导师培训将通过证明以下培训来发展酒精/艾滋病毒研究领域 酒精生物标志物/生物传感器工具，并将其应用于酒精/艾滋病毒问题，并优先培训 来自URM团体的科学家们不成比例地受到酒精和艾滋病毒的影响。

Abstract I am requesting funding for a 5-year renewal of K24 AA022586, “Training and Research Program on Alcohol use by Persons with or At-Risk for HIV”. Over this initial K24 funding period, my research program has flourished, progressing from observational studies of alcohol's impact on HIV risk and outcomes to alcohol intervention studies via new U01 and R01 funding. These studies leverage alcohol biomarkers (phosphatidylethanol – PEth and ethyl glucuronide – EtG) and biosensors that regularly monitor alcohol in sweat (transdermal alcohol) as objective outcome measures and as intervention tools (for incentive-based interventions). My mentees have also achieved success during this period in publishing (41 mentee first- authored publications) and grant funding (8 awards for K01, R36, R34, R01, and U01 proposals). I propose to renew this K24 funding to build upon this research and mentoring success in two new ways. (1) I propose to expand my alcohol/HIV research mentoring by including training in the use of alcohol biomarkers and biosensors. This includes mentoring scholars to study alcohol measurement via biomarkers or biosensors (e.g. exploring combinations of biomarkers with biosensors, examining biosensor and point-of-care biomarker use in the real world, etc.). It also includes mentoring investigators conducting research in HIV comorbidities (e.g. tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, polysubstance use) and in vulnerable populations (i.e. adolescents, infants of HIV- infected women, those experiencing intimate partner violence) to incorporate the role of alcohol use into their research, using biomarkers or biosensors. To facilitate these expansions to my mentoring, I will use K24 renewal funds for biomarkers and biosensors for mentee-led pilot projects. (2) I propose to take deliberate steps to increase mentoring of persons who identify as under-represented minorities (URM) thereby expanding the workforce of HIV researchers from populations that are disproportionately affected by substance use (including alcohol) and HIV. The proposed K24 research component will leverage valuable data sources to give mentees biomarker and biosensor research experience. These will be (1) pooling data from several alcohol studies with over 5000 participants with PEth testing, to examine correlates of PEth positivity, optimal cutoffs, and moderators; (2) leveraging data from drinkers wearing alcohol biosensors for 28 days, to further examine PEth cutoffs, and (3) examining correlates of test positivity of a of low-cost, point-of-care urine EtG test in a current study of hazardous drinkers. To be maximally effective as both a research leader and a mentor, I propose additional training to be at the forefront of the rapidly evolving alcohol biomarker/biosensor fields, and also training to be a culturally responsive mentor for persons who identify as URM. In summary, this K24-supported research and mentor training will grow the alcohol/HIV research field by proving training in alcohol biomarker/biosensor tools and applying them to alcohol/HIV issues, and by prioritizing training for scientists from URM groups that are disproportionately affected by alcohol and HIV.