Training in Research Program on Alcohol Use by Persons with or at Risk for HIV

描述(由申请人提供)：酒精消费在美国和世界范围内的艾滋病毒流行中所起的重要和有害的作用直到最近才开始得到承认。因此，迫切需要在这一领域培养新的研究人员。加州大学旧金山分校驻校副教授朱迪·哈恩博士是一位领先的流行病学家，研究人内饮酒模式和相关的危险行为，以及酒精消费对乌干达艾滋病毒携带者和旧金山年轻成人注射吸毒者(IDU)艾滋病毒结局的影响。她研究的一个独特特点是描述和使用酒精的直接代谢物磷脂酰乙醇来补充经常不可靠的自我报告。哈恩博士建议利用K24专门的时间在面向患者的酒精/艾滋病毒研究中指导USCF和乌干达调查人员。她的学生将获得实践研究经验，数据分析培训，手稿准备，拨款写作，以及职业指导。学员培训将利用Hahn博士正在进行的纵向队列研究(R01 AA018631和U01 AA020776)的基础设施和资源，以及她与国内外酒精、药物使用和艾滋病毒领域的多学科研究人员的合作。为了提高自己的辅导技能，她建议参加加州大学旧金山分校的导师发展计划，并从导师那里进行个性化培训。为了扩展哈恩博士的研究，以进行减少酒精对艾滋病毒流行的影响的干预措施，她将接受实施科学方面的培训，该领域旨在最大限度地将循证干预措施应用于新环境的影响。她将研究现有的公共卫生基础设施，如艾滋病毒预防、检测和治疗计划，作为纳入酒精干预措施的可能途径，如筛查和短暂干预(SBI)。最后，哈恩博士提议开展由K24资助的酒精研究，作为受训者的培训工具，并扩大她的研究范围。这些研究使用酒精消费的生物标记物来补充自我报告，将使用她正在进行的NIH资助的乌干达艾滋病毒携带者和旧金山青少年IDU人群研究的数据，以检查(1)与低报酒精消费相关的因素，(2)与自发减少酒精消费相关的因素。此外，她还将开展形成性工作，探索与这两个不同环境相关的干预措施的潜在途径。总之，K24将利用哈恩博士在加州大学旧金山分校拥有广泛基础设施的积极研究计划来支持一项计划，该计划包括(1)扩大对美国和国际受训者的指导，以解决全球酒精消费问题及其对艾滋病毒流行的影响，(2)通过指导课程和指导进行指导发展，以及在实施科学领域进行培训，以及(3)研究，以推进实施有效干预措施的目标，以减少艾滋病毒携带者和艾滋病毒风险者的酒精消费。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The significant and harmful role that alcohol consumption plays on the HIV epidemic in the U.S. and worldwide has only recently begun to be recognized. Therefore there is urgent need to train new researchers in this field. Dr. Judy Hahn, Associate Professor in Residence, University of California, San Francisco, is a leading epidemiologist studying within-person alcohol consumption patterns and associated risk behaviors, and the effect of alcohol consumption on HIV outcomes by persons living with HIV in Uganda and among young adult injecting drug users (IDU) in San Francisco. A distinctive hallmark of her research is the characterization and use of a direct metabolite of alcohol, phosphatidylethanol, to supplement frequently unreliable self-report. Dr. Hahn proposes to use K24 dedicated time to mentor USCF as well as Ugandan investigators in patient oriented alcohol/HIV research. Her mentees will gain hands-on research experience, training in data analysis, manuscript preparation, and grant writing, as well as career mentoring. Mentee training will leverage the infrastructure and resources of Dr. Hahn's ongoing longitudinal cohort studies (R01 AA018631 and U01 AA020776) and her collaborations with multidisciplinary researchers in the areas of alcohol, substance use, and HIV domestically and worldwide. In order to increase her mentoring skills, she proposes to participate in the UCSF Mentor Development Program and to engage in individualized training from a mentoring coach. To extend Dr. Hahn's research to conduct interventions reduce the impact of alcohol on the HIV epidemic, she will obtain training in implementation science, a field that aims to maximize the impact of applying evidence-based interventions to new settings. She will examine existing public health infrastructure such as HIV prevention, testing and treatment programs as possible avenues for incorporating alcohol interventions such as screening and brief intervention (SBI). Lastly, Dr. Hahn proposes to conduct K24 supported alcohol research studies that will serve as training vehicles for mentees and expand her research. These studies, using biomarkers of alcohol consumption to supplement self-report, will be conducted using data from her ongoing NIH-funded cohort studies of persons with HIV in Uganda and young adult IDU in San Francisco to examine (1) factors associated with under-reported alcohol consumption and (2) factors associated with spontaneously reducing alcohol consumption. She will additionally conduct formative work to explore potential avenues of interventions relevant to these two diverse settings. In summary, this K24 will leverage Dr. Hahn's active research program with extensive infrastructure at UCSF to support a program of (1) expanded mentoring of U.S. and international mentees to address the global problem of alcohol consumption and its effects on the HIV epidemic, (2) mentor development via mentorship courses and coaching, and training in the area of implementation science, and (3) research to advance the goal of implementing effective interventions to reduce alcohol consumption by those with HIV and those at risk for HIV.