Cognitive and neural mechanisms supporting naturalistic dyadic social interactions

项目摘要/摘要 社会互动是人类社会性的试金石。他们有两个关键作用：(1)帮助人们 学习他人的经验，而不需要自己的第一手经验；(2)创造社会 个人之间的纽带。说话者和听话者如何弥合认识论鸿沟，以便传递 知识？沟通是如何产生社会关系的？拟议的项目将采用新颖的 当交际者与他人口头交换想法时，通过神经成像方法窥探他们的大脑 又一个。这种方法使我们能够识别认知和神经过程，通过它，社会互动 产生成功的信息传输(即发送和接收信息)和感知的社会性 联系(即人际关系密切)。 我们从探索通信的组成部分--发送和接收信息--开始 以及每一种方法的结果。在目标1中，我们考察如何成功地发送和接收教学内容。 帐篷唤起发送者和听者之间的神经对齐。然后，我们探索整个人类社会 人与人之间的交流大于这些组成部分的总和。真正的互动是动态的：PEO- 让我们迅速把想法制定成文字，把对方的话翻译成想法，然后快速回应-- 夺取。大多数关于社交互动的研究主要依赖于不考虑真正的社交的范式 互动：参与者经常进行单边互动，被动地平行观看刺激，或者互动 通过人为设计的场景。以前研究真实社会互动的工作大多是这样做的-- 更多的静态行为测量或空间分辨率较低的神经测量。我们独特的研究 网站，在相邻的房间里有两台核磁共振扫描仪，使我们可以同时进行这两项工作。因此，目前的提案 提供了从传统范式到自然主义范式的转变，在这种范式中，真正的二元对话是实时的。在……里面 目标2，我们研究了社交沟通中的神经对齐如何在强势和强势的两个对偶之间存在差异 社会联系的薄弱程度。我们设计通信任务时，说话者和听众必须 积极预测对方的话语，并相应地规划自己的话语。 新的受试者间相关性测量将侧重于确定同步性和预测在 沟通。我们将通过一系列成功的实验来测量说话者和听者的神经动力学 传输信息(例如，在适当提供和遵循指令方面的个体差异)以及 社交关系强和弱的二人组(例如，朋友和陌生人；室友在开始和结束时 年份)。这些研究通过关注动态和自然主义社会互动中的时间动力学， 使我们能够识别交流促进学习的认知和神经过程，因此- 社会关系。

Project Summary / Abstract Social interactions are the touchstone of human sociality. They serve two key roles: (1) to help people learn from others’ experiences without needing their own firsthand experience and (2) to engender social bonds between individuals. How do speakers and listeners bridge epistemological gaps in order to transmit knowledge? How does communication give rise to social connection? The proposed project will adopt novel neuroimaging methods to peer into the minds of communicators as they verbally exchange thoughts with one another. This approach enables us to identify the cognitive and neural processes by which social interactions produce successful information transmission (i.e., sending and receiving of information) and perceived social connection (i.e., interpersonal closeness). We start by exploring the component parts of communication – sending and receiving information – as well as the outcomes of each. In Aim 1, we examine how successfully sending and receiving instructional con- tent evoke neural alignment between senders and listeners. We then explore the ways in which the whole of human communication is greater than the sum of these component parts. Real interactions are dynamic: peo- ple rapidly formulate ideas into words, translate each other’s words into ideas, and respond in rapid-fire turn- taking. Most research into social interaction has relied primarily on paradigms that do not allow for real social interaction: participants often engage in one-sided interactions, passively view stimuli in parallel, or interact through contrived scenarios. Previous work that has studied real social interactions most often does so us- ing more static behavioral measures or neural measures with lower spatial resolution. Our unique research site, with two MRI scanners in adjacent rooms, allows us to do both simultaneously. The current proposal thus offers a shift from conventional paradigms to naturalistic ones, in which real dyads converse in real time. In Aim 2, we examine how neural alignment during social communication differs across dyads with strong and weak levels of social connection. We design the communication task such that speakers and listeners must actively anticipate each other's words and plan their own words accordingly. Novel inter-subject correlation measures will focus on identifying the role of synchrony and prediction in communication. We will measure these neural dynamics in speakers and listeners with a range of success in transmitting information (e.g., individual differences in properly providing and following instructions) as well as dyads with strong and weak social connection (e.g., friends vs. strangers; roommates at the start and end of the year). These studies, by focusing on temporal dynamics within a dynamic and naturalistic social interaction, allow us to identify the cognitive and neural processes by which communication gives rise to learning and so- cial connection.