Spontaneous synchronization to speech as a window into auditory motor integration in stuttering

项目总结/摘要 最近的研究越来越多地将口吃与皮层神经网络结构和功能异常联系起来， 言语运动区和听觉区，以及与皮层下结构的连接。这些网络支持精细- 内部定时和精确的运动控制流畅的语音生产所需的运动， 与节奏处理网络重叠。口吃被假设为涉及不良的神经-运动整合， 大脑中听觉和语言信号的不同步。向小说迈进一步， 基于神经科学的治疗方法源于对这种异常神经回路的透彻理解， 测量口吃（AWS）和流利说话者的成年人的运动同步性。我们将采用创新的 自发言语同步（SSS）任务显示出对记忆-运动的时间动力学的索引 在流利的成年人通过隐性语音同步整合。从听觉差的假设开始- 运动整合可能是一个因果关系和治疗相关的途径，并走向新的干预措施 发展，我们的下一步和本研究的总体目标是使用SSS任务调查时间 口吃者言语产生过程中的言语-运动整合动力学。中央 假设AWS和CWS与流畅对等体相比将表现出较差的隐式语音同步。的 提出的研究的基本原理是，如果AWS和CWS显示出较差的内隐语音同步， 流利的同龄人，这将构成进一步的证据表明，异常的大脑运动整合是一个核心组成部分， 口吃我们将测试以下具体目标。1.比较隐式语音同步AWS和fluent 同龄人我们假设AWS的同步性能比流畅的成年人差。2.比较隐式 在AWS和流利的成年人中使用外显语音和非语音同步的语音同步。如果AWS 在同步性方面存在普遍缺陷，他们在言语和非言语任务中的同步性较差 与流利的成年人相比。如果AWS在仅限于语音的同步方面存在选择性缺陷， 内隐和外显言语同步性比流利的成年人差。如果AWS中的同步较差， 反映了一种可以用显式同步指令克服的隐式效果，它们将显示出更差的 与流利的成年人相比，内隐但非外显的语音同步; AWS和 流利的成年人在非言语同步任务中被期望。3.中的隐式语音同步比较 流利的孩子和CWS。我们将扩展SSS范例，以（a）建立可行性和响应分布 流利儿童和CWS。预期的结果是更好地理解听觉的时间方面- 运动整合导致发育性口吃。最终，我们的目标是找出那些 集中治疗将是最有效的，为提供有效治疗的挑战提供新的解决方案 这是通过对口吃的神经生理学基础的更好理解而获得的。

Project Summary/Abstract Recent studies have increasingly linked stuttering to aberrant neural network structure and function in cortical speech motor and auditory areas, and connections with subcortical structures. These networks support fine- grained control of internally timed and precise motor movements required for fluent speech production and overlap with a rhythm processing network. Stuttering is hypothesized to involve poor auditory-motor integration, a failure of synchronization between auditory and speech signals in the brain. One step towards novel, neuroscience-based treatments derived from a thorough understanding of this abnormal neural circuitry is first to measure auditory-motor synchrony in adults who stutter (AWS) and fluent speakers. We will use an innovative spontaneous synchronization of speech (SSS) task shown to index temporal dynamics of auditory-motor integration in fluent adults via implicit speech synchronization. Starting from the hypothesis that poor auditory- motor integration may be a causal and treatment-relevant pathway and moving towards new intervention development, our next step and overall objective of this study is to use the SSS task to investigate temporal dynamics of auditory-motor integration in the context of speech production people who stutter. The central hypothesis is that AWS and CWS will exhibit poor implicit speech synchronization compared to fluent peers. The rationale of the proposed study is if AWS and CWS show poorer implicit speech synchronization compared to fluent peers, this will constitute further evidence that abnormal auditory-motor integration is a core component of stuttering. We will test the following specific aims. 1. Compare implicit speech synchronization AWS and fluent peers. We hypothesize that AWS will exhibit poorer synchronization than fluent adults. 2. Compare implicit speech synchronization with explicit speech and non-speech synchronization in AWS and fluent adults. If AWS have a general deficit in synchronization, they will show poorer synchronization in speech and non-speech tasks compared to fluent adults. If AWS have a selective deficit in synchronization that is limited to speech, they will show poorer implicit and explicit speech synchronization than fluent adults. If poorer synchronization in AWS reflects an implicit effect that can be overcome with explicit synchronization instructions, they will show poorer implicit, but not explicit speech synchronization, compared to fluent adults; no difference between AWS and fluent adults is expected in non-speech synchronization tasks. 3. Compare implicit speech synchronization in fluent children and CWS. We will extend the SSS paradigm to (a) establish feasibility and response distribution in fluent children and CWS. The expected outcome is a better understanding of how temporal aspects of auditory- motor integration contribute to developmental stuttering. Ultimately, we aim to identify those for whom synchrony focused treatments will be most effective, offering new solutions to the challenges in providing effective therapy that are informed by a greater understanding of the neurophysiological bases of stuttering.