Discrimination, Social Cognitive Processes, and CVD Risk among African American Women

项目总结/摘要 心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的差异在非洲裔美国人中持续存在 尽管在减少心血管疾病风险因素的循证策略方面取得了进展，但妇女仍然受到影响。非洲 美国妇女经常报告与歧视有关的压力，拒绝继续探索 与心血管疾病歧视相关的机制。因此，长期研究目标是 通过阐明和靶向独特的治疗方法， 心血管疾病的心理生理学相关性。试点的总体目标 项目是检查研究协议的整体可行性，以检查之间的关联 歧视，社会认知过程和CVD风险，使用生态瞬时评估[EMA]， 解释生态变异性并减少回忆偏差。中心研究假设认为， 美国女性长期遭受歧视的经历导致了适应不良图式和认知障碍 评估加剧了感知歧视事件。频繁的歧视经历会引起反复的 情绪和生理压力反应，随着时间的推移， 失调这项研究试图在90名非裔美国妇女的样本中检查这些联系 18岁及以上，实现以下目标：目标1。检查横截面关联 歧视（例如，种族、性别），社会认知过程（例如，早期适应不良的图式， 认知评价）、负面情绪和持续的生理失调（非稳态负荷、端粒 长度）。目标2：研究歧视、社会认知过程、 以及情绪和生理反应。SC-2应用程序的首要目标是 促进申请人的长期NIH研究参与支持：a）指导少数民族教师 增强研究和B）EMA和心理生理学研究的培训和研究生产力 方法论这项创新的研究计划，建立在申请人目前的培训和研究基础上 专业知识，将进一步阐明歧视相关的心血管疾病的危险因素和方法， 解释了非裔美国女性的生态变异性。这项研究计划的结果有 在非洲裔美国人中更好地告知心血管疾病风险预防策略的潜力 妇女

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality disparities have persisted among African American women despite advances in evidence-based strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. African American women often report discrimination-related stress, warranting continued exploration of the mechanisms that link to discrimination to cardiovascular disease. Thus, the long-term research goal is to reduce cardiovascular disease among African American women by elucidating and targeting unique psychophysiological correlates of cardiovascular disease in this population. The overall objective of the pilot project is to examine the overall feasibility of a research protocol to examine associations between discrimination, social cognitive processes, and CVD risk using ecological momentary assessment [EMA] to account for ecological variability and reduce recall bias. The central study hypothesis posits that African American women’s long-term experiences of discrimination contribute to maladaptive schemas and cognitive appraisal that heighten perceived discrimination events. Frequent experiences of discrimination elicit recurrent emotional and physiological stress responses that over time contribute to sustained physiological dysregulation. The study seeks to examine these associations in a sample of 90 African American women aged 18 years and older by accomplishing the following aims: Aim 1. Examine cross-sectional associations between discrimination (e.g., racial, gender), social cognitive processes (e.g., early maladaptive schemas, cognitive appraisal), negative emotion, and sustained physiological dysregulation (allostatic load, telomere length). Aim 2: Examine longitudinal associations (7-days) between discrimination, social cognitive processes, and emotional and physiological reactivity using EMA. The overarching goal of this SC-2 application is to promote the applicant’s long-term NIH research involvement by supporting: a) mentored minority faculty research enhancement and b) training and research productivity in EMA and psychophysiological research methodology. This innovative program of research, building on the applicants’ current training and research expertise, will further elucidate discrimination-related cardiovascular disease risk factors and methodology that accounts for ecological variability among African American women. Findings from this research program have the potential better to inform cardiovascular disease risk prevention strategies among African American women.