Examining the Gut Microbiome in Haitians Post-Migration to the United States

抽象的。海地人是美国增长最快的移民群体之一。这些 移民经历了高度的心理痛苦(即抑郁、焦虑、疲劳和疼痛)， 导致进行性功能障碍、残疾、经济负担和长期健康状况不佳 结果。在移民后早期了解造成心理痛苦的因素 纵向上将有助于了解干预的类型和时机，以减少心理障碍的影响 并改善这一未得到充分服务的人口的生活质量。然而，目前还没有研究表明 海地人的心理困扰及其潜在的生物行为、心理社会和文化特征 在美国居住的头几个月或一段时间内的移民。虽然多个生物过程 可能与心理痛苦有关，越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群(GM)的多样性 而成分通过双向微生物-肠道-脑轴起着重要作用。迁移后， 转基因成分和多样性的变化体现了健康的社会决定因素的变化([SDoH]；例如， 压力、社会人口因素、生活方式、饮食模式、文化适应、环境和 社会文化条件)，这也会造成心理困扰的风险。随着更多的时间在美国， 最近移民的转基因变得更加西化，微生物系统发育多样性和 当地转基因物种以及微生物区系丰度的属水平变化。驱动这些通用汽车SDoH 变化可以通过响应文化的干预措施来改变。因此，总经理有可能成为 这既是心理困扰风险的早期指标，也是减轻其影响的工具。的总体目标是 这项纵向先导队列研究旨在调查心理困扰、GM 最近海地移民到美国的构成/多样性和移民后的SDOH。具体目标为1) 通过分析在T1(&lt；6)时自我收集的粪便样本来描述60名最近海地移民的GM的特征 美国)和T2(T1之后6个月)，并描述了组成/多样性随时间的变化和2) 考察移民后SDoH、GM组成/多样性和心理因素之间的纵向联系 最近海地移民的痛苦。我假设，在最近的海地移民中，a)移民到 美国与转基因成分和多样性随时间的变化有关，以及b)转基因成分的变化 多样性与迁徙后SDoH的变化和心理痛苦有关。少年派有 组建了一个由具有症状科学专业知识的资深科学家组成的跨学科指导团队， 生物文化方法、移民健康差异、基因组学和生物信息学。该项目将提供 为国际翻译协会建立独立的翻译研究项目奠定基础，专注于文化发展 响应性有针对性的干预措施，减轻心理痛苦，改善长期健康结果， 缩小健康差距，提高少数民族移民人口的健康公平性。

ABSTRACT. Haitians comprise one of the fastest growing subgroups of immigrants in the US. These immigrants experience high levels of psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, fatigue, and pain), contributing to progressive functional impairment, disability, economic burden, and poor long-term health outcomes. Knowledge of factors contributing to psychological distress early in the post-migration period and longitudinally will help inform type and timing of interventions to reduce the disabling effects of psychological distress and improve quality of life for this underserved population. Yet no studies have examined psychological distress and its underlying biobehavioral, psychosocial, and cultural characteristics in Haitian immigrants within the first few months of residence in the US or over time. While multiple biological processes may be associated with psychological distress, rising evidence suggests that gut microbiome (GM) diversity and composition play an important role via the bidirectional microbiome-gut-brain axis. After migration, changes in GM composition and diversity embody changes in the social determinants of health ([SDoH]; e.g., stress, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, dietary patterns, acculturation, environmental and sociocultural conditions) that also contribute to risk for psychological distress. With more time in the US, the GM of recent immigrants becomes more Westernized, with reductions of microbial phylogenetic diversity and native GM species as well as genera-level shifts in microbiota abundance. The SDoH that drive these GM changes are modifiable through culturally responsive interventions. The GM thus has the potential to serve as both an early indicator of risk for psychological distress and a tool to mitigate its effects. The overall goal for this longitudinal pilot cohort study is to investigate associations between psychological distress, GM composition/diversity, and post-migration SDoH in recent Haitian immigrants to the US. Specific aims are to 1) Characterize the GM in 60 recent Haitian immigrants by analyzing self-collected stool samples at T1 (< 6 months in the US) and T2 (6 months after T1) and describe changes in composition/diversity over time and 2) Examine longitudinal associations between post-migration SDoH, GM composition/diversity, and psychological distress among recent Haitian immigrants. I hypothesize that, in recent Haitian immigrants, a) migration to the US is associated with changes in GM composition and diversity over time, and b) changes in GM composition and diversity are associated with changes in post-migration SDoH and psychological distress. The PI has assembled an interdisciplinary mentoring team of senior scientists with expertise in symptom science, GM, biocultural approaches, immigrant health disparities, genomics, and bioinformatics. This project will provide the foundation for the PI to build an independent translational research program focused on developing culturally responsive targeted interventions that mitigate psychological distress, improve long-term health outcomes, reduce health disparities, and increase health equity in ethnic-minority immigrant populations.