Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Alcohol Use and Outcomes: The Role of Health Disparities

摘要 新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)暴发已导致全球范围的大流行感染 新冠肺炎。虽然人们的注意力集中在预防和治疗SARS CoV-2感染上，但精神病人 还需要审查大流行的健康后果，以包括大流行对 酒精使用和问题。有证据表明，不同的种族/民族群体可能受到不同的 大流行，因此可能有不同的酒精使用结果，理论和数据都表明 经历过最高程度接触大流行的弱势群体可能是最有可能患上 大流行后酒精使用量增加。为了解决这些问题，这款多样性F31应用程序将 利用与NIAAA相关并由共同赞助商Ramchandani指导的独特资源。AS 作为NIAAA正在进行的大流行对酒精使用影响的纵向研究的一部分，多达500名参与者， 包括不饮酒者、少量饮酒者、不寻求治疗的重度饮酒者以及寻求治疗的人 有酒精使用障碍的人，将在两年内通过电话和/或在线进行评估。来自于此的数据 申请者将利用研究来解决前两个目标。《特定目标1》将考察 与那些认为自己是黑人/非裔美国人的人相比，酒精使用的流行病是不同的 认为自己是白人的人，以及报告收入/教育水平低于 报告较高的收入/教育水平。特定目标2将检查酒精使用量增加的中介因素 在弱势群体中，包括大流行后压力增加的影响和财务影响 在大流行爆发后。此外，40名黑人/非裔美国人的样本将被邀请参加 参加由申请人主持的为期6周的生态瞬时评估(EMA)研究，该研究将是 用于解决特定目标3。特定目标3将检查酒精使用的预测因素在一组 黑人/非裔美国人使用生态瞬时评估，以包括感知的测量 歧视和经济压力。总体而言，这项研究可能有助于澄清哪些弱势群体最容易受到伤害 增加酒精使用的风险和大流行后的问题，并增加对机制的了解 这会导致酒精使用量的增加和这些人的问题。

Abstract The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has resulted in a world-wide pandemic infection designated COVID-19. While attention has focused on prevention and treatment of SARS CoV-2 infection, the mental health consequences of the pandemic also need to be examined, to include the effect of the pandemic on alcohol use and problems. There is evidence that different racial/ethnic groups may be differentially affected by the pandemic and may therefore have different alcohol use outcomes, and both theory and data suggest that vulnerable groups who have experienced the highest level of exposure to the pandemic may be most at risk for increased alcohol use following the pandemic. To address these questions, this Diversity F31 application will take advantage of a unique resource associated with NIAAA and directed by Co-Sponsor Ramchandani. As part of the ongoing NIAAA longitudinal study of the pandemic impact on alcohol use, up to 500 participants, including non-drinkers, light drinkers, non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers, as well as treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder, will be assessed by phone and/or online over 2 years. Data from this study will be used by the applicant to address the first two aims. Specific Aim 1 will examine if the impact of the pandemic on alcohol use is different in individuals who identify as Black/African Americans compared to those who identify as White, and in individuals who report lower levels of income/education compared to those who report higher levels of income/education. Specific Aim 2 will examine mediators of increased alcohol use among vulnerable groups, including the effect of increases in post-pandemic stress and financial impact following the onset of the pandemic. In addition, a sample of 40 Black/African Americans will be invited to take part in a 6-week Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) study administered by the applicant, which will be used to address Specific Aim 3. Specific Aim 3 will examine predictors of alcohol use in a group of Black/African Americans using Ecological Momentary Assessment, to include measures of perceived discrimination and financial stress. Overall, this study may help to clarify which vulnerable groups are most at risk of increased alcohol use and problems post-pandemic, and increase understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to increased alcohol use and problems in these individuals.