Linking insufficient sleep with body weight in Black emerging adults.

项目摘要 与其他种族群体的同龄人相比，黑人新兴成年人（18-28岁）的风险最高， 睡眠时间短和肥胖。这种风险增加的部分原因可能是由于更大的压力水平， 种族相关的压力（歧视感和高度警惕）和生活在更不利的环境中， 家庭和邻里环境。睡眠不足（睡眠开始潜伏期较长，睡眠持续时间较短， 更差的睡眠质量和效率，更少的慢波睡眠，更严重的睡眠呼吸障碍）可能 也通过几种与体重相关的机制影响肥胖风险。（一）能源平衡（差异） （B）食欲和食物奖赏，（c）皮质醇觉醒反应 和昼夜皮质醇曲线，和（d）水合状态。我们将前瞻性地评估睡眠不足的影响， 与种族有关的压力和生活在更不利的家庭和邻里环境对体重有关的 机制和肥胖标志物（体重，腰围和脂肪量）在150个黑人新兴的成年人。 受试者将在1年内完成3、7天的数据收集爆发（基线、6个月和12个月随访- up）。将使用3种方法测量睡眠不足变量：睡眠日记、活动记录仪和多导睡眠图。 将采用自我报告和客观方法评估体重相关机制。与种族有关的压力将 自我报告。家庭和社区环境（通过挡风玻璃调查）将进行全面评估。 目的1将研究睡眠不足对体重相关机制和肥胖标志物的前瞻性影响。 目标2将研究与种族有关的压力和生活在更不利的家庭的预期影响， 邻里环境对睡眠不足变量，体重相关机制和肥胖标志物的影响。 目标3将评估睡眠在种族相关压力、生活在更多的环境中之间的中介作用。 不利的家庭和社区环境、与体重相关的机制和肥胖标志物。我们 总体假设是，睡眠不足和种族相关压力的增加以及生活在 不利的家庭和邻里环境将与（a）最大的能量摄入， 正能量平衡，（B）最大的食欲和食物奖励，（c）最平坦的昼夜皮质醇曲线和最低的 皮质醇觉醒反应，（d）最低水合作用，和（e）最大体重增加，腰围和脂肪 1年的质量。该提案由早期研究者领导，并根据PAR-20-164提交 （美国睡眠差异的机制和后果），可能会对公众健康产生重大影响 通过确定睡眠不足如何以及为什么会增加黑人新兴成年人的肥胖风险。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Compared to peers in other racial groups, Black emerging adults (18-28 years old) have the highest risks of short sleep duration and obesity. This increased risk may be partly explained by greater stress levels resulting from race-related stress (feelings of discrimination and heightened vigilance) and living in more disadvantaged home and neighborhood environments. Insufficient sleep (longer sleep-onset latency, shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality and efficiency, less slow-wave sleep, and more severe sleep-disordered breathing) may also impact obesity risk via several weight-related mechanisms. These include (a) energy balance (difference between energy intake and energy expenditure), (b) appetite and food reward, (c) cortisol awakening response and diurnal cortisol profiles, and (d) hydration status. We will prospectively assess effects of insufficient sleep, race-related stress and living in more disadvantaged home and neighborhood environments on weight-related mechanisms and obesity markers (body weight, waist circumference and fat mass) in 150 Black emerging adults. Participants will complete 3, 7-day data collection bursts over 1 year (baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow- up). Insufficient sleep variables will be measured with 3 methods: sleep diary, actigraphy and polysomnography. Self-report and objective methods will be used to assess weight-related mechanisms. Race-related stress will be self-reported. Home and neighborhood environments (via the Windshield Survey) will be observer-assessed. Aim 1 will examine prospective effects of insufficient sleep on weight-related mechanisms and obesity markers. Aim 2 will examine prospective effects of race-related stress and living in more disadvantaged home and neighborhood environments on insufficient sleep variables, weight-related mechanisms, and obesity markers. Aim 3 will assess the mediating role of sleep on associations among race-related stress, living in more disadvantaged home and neighborhood environments, weight-related mechanisms, and obesity markers. Our overarching hypothesis is that higher amounts of insufficient sleep and race-related stress and living in more disadvantaged home and neighborhood environments will be associated with (a) greatest energy intake and positive energy balance, (b) greatest appetite and food reward, (c) flattest diurnal cortisol profiles and lowest cortisol awakening response, (d) lowest hydration, and (e) greatest weight gain, waist circumference and fat mass at 1 year. This proposal, led by an Early-Stage Investigator and submitted in response to PAR-20-164 (Mechanisms and Consequences of Sleep Disparities in the U.S.), could have significant public health implications by identifying how and why insufficient sleep increases obesity risk in Black emerging adults.