Identifying the Effects of Race-Related Stressors on Laboratory- Induced Stress and Craving among African Americans with Alcohol Use Disorder

项目摘要/摘要 拟议的K23以患者为导向的研究职业发展奖的主要目的是 为候选人(Delisa Brown博士)提供获得必要的知识和技能的机会 成为专注于酒精使用障碍(AUD)和健康差距的独立调查者。与种族相关 压力(RR)在美国的非裔美国人(AA)中很常见，并与患上 发展澳元。研究表明，显著的文化因素，如积极的种族认同，可能会有所帮助 减轻RRS的负面影响。然而，很少有研究集中在RRS和AUD，以及文化上 在再生障碍性贫血人群中缺乏对AUD敏感的循证治疗方法。鉴于科学研究的匮乏 关于再生障碍性贫血对AUD患者影响的现有信息，拟议的研究将采用 良好控制的人类实验室范式，以识别主观(渴望，压力)，生理(心率， 皮肤电导)和神经内分泌(皮质醇)对个性化图像提示的反应性(即，RR， 酒精，中性)在患有AUD的AA个体(N=60)中。种族认同和种族认同之间的关系 对RRS信号的反应性将被检查，以进一步向这一高度研究不足的领域的科学提供信息，并支持 对再生障碍性贫血和其他患有澳门氏症的小型化人群进行文化敏感治疗的未来发展。 将使用生态瞬时评估(EMA)来获得关于酒精渴望、影响、 以及接触RRS后的饮酒模式。从这个项目中获得的数据将提供新的知识 以及洞察力，以前所未有的方式让我们了解RRS和AUD之间的联系。这个 候选人组建了一支由经验丰富的全国知名调查人员组成的指导团队，他们有 他们带来了AUD、健康差距、人体实验室范例、EMA、临床试验等方面的专业知识 和治疗方法的发展。现场导师和顾问包括Sudie Back博士、Colleen Halliday博士和 南加州大学的艾琳·麦克卢尔。非现场导师和顾问包括密歇根大学的凯瑟琳·伯洛博士 辛辛那提和耶鲁大学的拉吉塔·辛哈博士。拟议的项目将提供正式的指导 课程作业、实际操作数据收集和职业发展机会，以确保候选人 实现以下职业目标：1)增强对以下AUD潜在病理生理学的认识 经历RRS的非裔美国人，2)发展新的技能，为AUD治疗的文化适应提供信息， 3)提高与少数族裔进行酒精研究的能力，4)获得新的培训 EMA方法和数据分析，以及5)通过手稿写作、会议和提高学术生产率 演示文稿和助学金写作。该项目与NIAAA的少数民族健康和健康差距密切相关 消除健康差距和增加训练有素的科学家人数的倡议 酒精研究领域的背景。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT The primary aim of the proposed K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award is to provide the candidate (Dr. Delisa Brown) the opportunity to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to become an independent investigator focused on alcohol use disorder (AUD) and health disparities. Race-related stress (RRS) is common among African Americans (AA) in the U.S. and is associated with increased risk of developing AUD. Research suggests that salient cultural factors, such as positive racial identity, may help mitigate the negative effects of RRS. However, little research has focused on RRS and AUD, and culturally sensitive, evidence-based treatments for AUD among AA populations are lacking. Given the dearth of scientific information available on the effects of RRS among AA individuals with AUD, the proposed study will employ a well-controlled human laboratory paradigm to identify the subjective (craving, stress), physiological (heart rate, galvanic skin conductance), and neuroendocrine (cortisol) reactivity to personalized imagery cues (i.e., RRS, alcohol, and neutral) among AA individuals (N = 60) with AUD. The relationship between racial identity and reactivity to RRS cues will be examined to further inform the science in this highly understudied area, and support the future development of culturally sensitive treatments for AA and other minoritized populations with AUD. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) will be used to obtain real-time information on alcohol craving, affect, and drinking patterns following exposure to RRS. The data obtained from this project will provide new knowledge and insights to inform our understanding of the link between RRS and AUD in ways not previously possible. The candidate has assembled a mentorship team of experienced and nationally renowned investigators with a history of collaboration who bring expertise in AUD, health disparities, human laboratory paradigms, EMA, clinical trials, and treatment development. On-site mentors and consultants include Drs. Sudie Back, Colleen Halliday, and Erin McClure at MUSC. Off-site mentors and consultants include Dr. Kathleen Burlew at the University of Cincinnati and Dr. Rajita Sinha at Yale University. The proposed project will provide the mentorship, formal coursework, hands-on data collection, and career development opportunities needed to ensure the candidate achieves the following career goals: 1) enhance knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of AUD among African Americans experiencing RRS, 2) develop new skills to inform cultural adaptions of treatments for AUD, 3) increase competence in conducting alcohol research with racial/ethnic minorities, 4) obtain new training in EMA methods and data analysis, and 5) increase scholarly productivity through manuscript writing, conference presentations, and grant writing. This project aligns closely with NIAAA’s Minority Health and Health Disparities Initiative to eliminate health disparities and increase the number of well-trained scientists from underrepresented backgrounds in the field of alcohol research.