Impacts of Drone Distractions on Working Safety at Heights in Construction

项目总结/摘要 该项目的总体目标是调查无人机的存在（视觉外观和/或飞行） 声音）会分散高空作业工人的注意力，并影响他们的工作安全。两个假设是 提出了第一个假设是，无人机的存在转移了工人的视觉注意力，因此他们可能会 没有像通常那样认识到地板上的前缘和无防护开口的危险。第二 一种假设是，无人机的存在要求工人在工作时付出额外的努力来保持平衡 在倾斜的表面上。为了验证这两个假设，设计并进行了两个实验。上 实验中，24名测试参与者参与。每个参与者都被要求戴上眼动追踪耳机， 并将一个箱子（7.5公斤）放置在不同无人机飞行条件下的虚拟施工场景中。与固定有关的 度量，即，计算注视时间和注视计数，以测量参与者对图像的视觉注意力。 识别前缘和未防护的开口。在第二个实验中，12名测试参与者 涉案每个参与者被要求在屋顶模拟器上模仿不同组合下的搭瓦任务 姿势、坡度和无人机干预。身体的压力中心、重心和底部 支持被用来衡量参与者的努力，在保持平衡的瓦片任务。的 通过统计检验进一步分析来自两个实验的测量值。这样，定量 飞行无人机与其对高空建筑工人分心的影响之间的关系可能是 确立了习 这些定量关系将是本项目的主要成果。他们将建立一个坚实的基础， 职业安全和健康社区制定了关于在建筑中使用无人机的指导方针和法规 工作场所。预计该项目将有助于实现诺拉建筑部门的“战略目标 6：改善工作场所安全，减少创伤性伤害”，重点是“中期目标6.3： 与新兴技术有关的（例如，机器人和外骨骼）"。此外，该项目的研究团队将 与威斯康星州和西弗吉尼亚州的建筑承包商合作。根据研究的结果和发现， 这个项目，他们将共同努力，1）确定可以采取什么政策来控制无人机的影响- 2）将这些政策转化为施工中的最佳实践 3）在真实的建筑工作场所评估这些政策和最佳做法，以及4）传播和 通过NIOSH创伤性损伤预防传播和分享实践 计划和/或与其他建筑公司，以履行NIOSH r2 P倡议的努力。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The overall objective of this project is to investigate how the presence of a drone (visual appearance and/or flying sound) in a construction field distracts workers at heights and impacts their working safety. Two hypotheses are proposed. The first hypothesis is that the drone presence diverts the workers’ visual attention, so that they may not recognize the hazards of leading edges and unguarded openings on floors as they normally can. The second hypothesis is that the drone presence requests extra effort from the workers to keep their balance while working at sloped surfaces. To test both hypotheses, two experiments are designed and conducted. In the first experiment, 24 test participants are involved. Each participant is asked to wear an eye-tracking headset and pick and place a box (7.5 kg) in virtual construction scenes under different drone flying conditions. The fixation-related metrics, i.e., fixation time and fixation count, are calculated to measure the participant’s visual attention on the recognition of leading edges and unguarded openings. In the second experiment, 12 test participants are involved. Each participant is asked to mimic the shingling task on the roof simulator under different combinations of postures, slopes, and drone interventions. The body’s Center of Pressure, Center of Gravity, and Base of Support are used to measure the participant’s efforts on keeping balance during the shingling task. The measurements from both experiments are further analyzed through statistical tests. This way, the quantitative relationships between a flying drone and its impacts on distracting construction workers at heights can be established. These quantitative relationships will be the main outcome of this project. They will build a solid foundation to help the occupational safety and health community create guidelines and regulations on drone use in construction workplaces. This project is expected to contribute to addressing the NORA Construction Sector "Strategic Goal 6: Improving workplace safety to reduce traumatic injuries” with the focus on “Intermediate Goal 6.3: Injuries related to emerging technologies (e.g., robots and exoskeletons)”. Also, the research team in this project will collaborate with construction contractors in Wisconsin and West Virginia. Based on the results and findings from this project, they will work together to 1) identify what policies could be taken to control the impacts of the drone- induce distractions on construction workers, 2) transform these policies into best practices in the construction industry, 3) assess these policies and best practices in real construction workplaces, and 4) disseminate and share the practices disseminate and share the practices through the NIOSH Traumatic Injury Prevention Program and/or with other construction companies to fulfill the NIOSH r2P initiative's efforts.