Predictors of Momentary Smoking Lapse Among African American Menthol Cigarette Smokers

项目摘要 85%的黑人吸烟者吸薄荷香烟，他们遭受过多的烟草引起的疾病， 死亡，包括癌症。薄荷（与非薄荷）香烟吸烟者，特别是黑人吸烟者， 吸烟者对尼古丁的依赖程度更高，尽管有更多的戒烟尝试，但戒烟的可能性更小。这可能是 部分原因是更大的禁欲导致积极情绪/影响和尼古丁渴望的下降。但 关于解释黑人薄荷醇吸烟者吸烟失误的潜在机制的数据有限。 先前的研究使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）来研究负面影响（即，贫困 情绪），尼古丁渴望（即，敦促吸烟），和上下文因素预测吸烟的真实的- 时间了解这些潜在的机制将有助于我们制定有效的戒烟干预措施， 吸薄荷烟的黑人。为了填补这些关键的研究空白，本研究将使用EMA 1）检查内部- 受试者瞬间负面情绪、尼古丁渴求和吸烟中断之间关联（目标1和2） 检查瞬间感知压力和歧视作为调节剂的瞬间影响，尼古丁 吸烟和不吸烟的黑人薄荷卷烟吸烟者的渴望和吸烟失效关系（目的2） 使用电子烟。我们的中心假设是，在被试内部水平上， 比平时更强烈的尼古丁渴望，反过来预测暂时的吸烟失败 (any v.不吸烟）在黑色薄荷醇香烟吸烟者在戒烟尝试。我们将招募150名黑人 阿肯色州年龄在21-64岁的薄荷醇香烟吸烟者，计划在未来30天内戒烟（n=100支香烟 仅吸烟者; n=50名吸烟者-电子烟双重使用者），以检验我们对主要结局瞬时的假设 吸烟失效（任何v不吸烟）。次要结局包括吸烟时间、吸烟时间 复吸和香烟消费。我们还将通过电子烟进行探索性受试者间分析 使用状态。受试者将完成基线7天戒烟前EMA波和7天戒烟后EMA波， 以及基线、1个月、3个月和6个月随访在线调查。吸烟状态将被验证 使用呼出的一氧化碳。这项研究将填补文学空白的瞬间预测吸烟失误 在黑色薄荷烟吸烟者中，并将为R 01应用提供初步数据。私家侦探集合了 一个优秀的导师团队，将指导她严格的培训和职业发展计划。通过 正式课程，暑期学院，实践培训和外部培训，PI将增加她的 EMA/mHealth，随机行为试验，高级统计学和烟草差异方面的能力， 监管科学研究。获得K奖将增强PI实现其职业生涯的可能性 目标是成为一名独立的研究人员，并进行技术支持的观察性研究， 旨在增加社会弱势吸烟者成功戒烟的干预措施。

PROJECT SUMMARY Black cigarette smokers, 85% of whom smoke menthol cigarettes, suffer excess tobacco-caused morbidity and death, including cancer. Menthol (v. non-menthol) cigarette smokers, especially Black smokers, have a greater dependence on nicotine and are less likely to quit smoking, despite having more quit attempts. This may be partly due to greater abstinence-induced declines in positive mood/affect and nicotine cravings. However, there are limited data on the underlying mechanisms that explain smoking lapses among Black menthol smokers. Prior studies have used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine how negative affect (i.e., poor mood), nicotine craving (i.e., urge to smoke), and contextual factors predict cigarette smoking lapse in real- time. Understanding these underlying mechanisms will help us develop effective cessation interventions for Black menthol smokers. To fill these critical research gaps, this study will use EMA to 1) examine the within- subject association between momentary negative affect, nicotine craving, and smoking lapse (aim 1) and 2) examine momentary perceived stress and discrimination as moderators of the momentary affect, nicotine craving, and smoking lapse relationship (aim 2) among Black menthol cigarette smokers who do and do not use e-cigarettes. Our central hypothesis is that, at the within-subjects level, higher levels of negative affect than usual will be associated with stronger nicotine cravings, and in turn predict momentary smoking lapse (any v. no smoking) among Black menthol cigarette smokers during a quit attempt. We will recruit 150 Black Arkansan menthol cigarette smokers aged 21-64 who plan to quit smoking in the next 30 days (n=100 cigarette only smokers; n=50 cigarette-e-cigarette dual users) to test our hypothesis on the primary outcome momentary of smoking lapse (any v no smoking). Secondary outcomes include time to smoking lapse, time to smoking relapse, and cigarette consumption. We will also conduct exploratory between-subject analyses by e-cigarette use status. Participants will complete a baseline 7-day pre-quit EMA wave and 7-day post-quit EMA wave, as well as baseline, 1 month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up online surveys. Smoking status will be verified using exhaled carbon monoxide. This study will fill literary gaps on momentary predictors of smoking lapses among Black menthol smokers and will provide preliminary data for an R01 application. The PI has assembled an outstanding mentorship team who will guide her rigorous training and career development plans. Through formal coursework, summer institutes, hands-on training, and external trainings the PI will increase her competency in EMA/mHealth, randomized behavioral trials, advanced statistics, and tobacco disparities and regulatory science research. Receipt of this K award will strengthen the PI's likelihood of achieving her career goal to become an independent researcher and conduct technology-supported observational studies and interventions that aim to increase successful smoking cessation among socially-disadvantaged smokers.