Gentrification, displacement, and health equity: Moving from risks to solutions

项目总结/摘要 中产阶级化是健康的一个重要决定因素。作为一个多阶段的城市变化过程， 历史上被剥夺投资的社区，中产阶级化可能会增加健康促进的可及性和可用性， 资源，如超市，公园和其他娱乐设施，以及公共基础设施，对一些人来说; 破坏社交网络，增加住房和其他商品的成本，使人们流离失所，风险增加， 他人尽管与健康结果有明确的联系，但许多关于中产阶级化如何影响 居民健康以及这些影响在不同人群中的差异。鉴于历史的基础， 邻里撤资和结构性种族主义的持续遗产，黑人，低收入社区， 越来越容易受到中产阶级化的不利影响，包括 影响健康的多种形式（如文化、政治和居住）。缺乏研究表明， 研究中产阶级化引起的流离失所和健康之间的关系，特别是在黑色， 低收入社区。拟议的F31通过两个目标解决了这一关键差距。一是通过 纵向分析本项目将研究中产阶级化之间的关系，发生在整个空间 （人口普查区域）和时间（2000年至2016年的数据），当年的驱逐率（作为流离失所的过程）， 和自我评估的健康状况这项分析将确定中产阶级化对驱逐和健康的同时影响 同时还估计了在预先规定的时间段内中产阶级化的累积影响。分析将 评估种族，以黑人的百分比衡量，作为这种关系的调节剂。接下来，我将进行概念 测绘，混合方法的做法，在黑人，低收入居民探讨：1）机制， 将中产阶级化与流离失所联系起来，将流离失所与健康和福祉的三个领域联系起来（即获得 健康促进资源，个人健康行为和压力）和2）结构水平的感知 在赔偿的框架内，寻求解决办法，以减少中产阶级化引起的流离失所的风险和影响。 拟议的研究解决了一个迫切需要审查流离失所作为一个重要的途径连接 在黑人和低收入社区实现健康的中产阶级化。这项研究的结果将为创建 在个人一级审查多种形式的中产阶级化引起的流离失所问题的方法， 设计结构层面的解决方案，以破坏中产阶级化引起的流离失所，并减少相关的不利影响。 健康成果。完成该奖学金后，申请人将拥有纵向的高级技能 统计方法，混合方法研究，科学传播和社区参与。一 多学科指导团队将为申请人作为独立的城市健康公平事业做好准备 研究人员和学术导师进行高档化研究，同时设计结构层面的解决方案， 减少黑人和低收入社区的健康差距。

Project Summary/Abstract Gentrification is a significant determinant of health. As a multi-staged process of urban change that occurs in historically disinvested neighborhoods, gentrification may increase access and availability to health promoting resources such as supermarkets, parks and other recreational facilities, and public infrastructure, for some; and rupture social networks, increase the cost of housing and other goods, and displace people and risks, for others. Despite clear connections to health outcomes, many questions about how gentrification impacts resident health and how these impacts vary across populations, remain. Given the historical underpinnings of neighborhood disinvestment and the ongoing legacy of structural racism, Black, low-income communities are increasingly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of gentrification including displacement which can exist in multiple forms (e.g. cultural, political, and residential) to influence health. There is a dearth of research that examines the relationship between gentrification-induced displacement and health, especially within Black, low-income communities. The proposed F31 addresses this critical gap through two aims. First, through longitudinal analysis this project will examine the relationship between gentrification, occurring across space (census tracts) and time (data from 2000 to 2016), current year eviction rates (as a process of displacement), and self-rated health. This analysis will identify the concurrent effects of gentrification on eviction and health while also estimating the cumulative impact of gentrification over pre-specified periods of time. Analyses will assess race, measured as percent Black, as a moderator of this relationship. Next, I will conduct concept mapping, a mixed methods approach, among Black, low-income residents to explore: 1) the mechanisms that connect gentrification to displacement and displacement to three domains of health and well-being (i.e. access to health-promoting resources, individual health behaviors, and stress) and 2) perceptions of structural level solutions, in a framework of reparations, to reduce the risk and impact of gentrification-induced displacement. The proposed research addresses a critical need to examine displacement as a significant pathway linking gentrification to health in Black, low-income communities. Findings from this research will inform the creation of methodologies to examine multiple forms of gentrification-induced displacement at the individual level and help devise structural level solutions to disrupt gentrification-induced displacement and reduce related adverse health outcomes. After completion of this fellowship, the applicant will have an advanced skillset in longitudinal statistical methods, mixed-methods research, scientific communication, and community engagement. A multidisciplinary mentoring team will prepare the applicant for a career as an independent urban health equity researcher and academic mentor conducting gentrification research while designing structural level solutions to reduce health disparities for Black, low-income communities.