Interactions between motor learning and episodic memory

项目摘要/摘要 作为日常生活的一部分，我们经常进行经过充分学习和重复的运动动作，例如 通勤上班。同时，我们必然会遇到一系列新奇的插曲信息(例如， 在你的通勤途中收到一条有趣的短信)，我们可能希望将其保留在长期记忆中。尽管 日常经验中习得运动序列的流行程度及其对并发记忆的影响 时断时续的事件在很大程度上是未知的。在当前的提案中，我将探讨习得的动作如何构建记忆 因为小说中的事件是如何跨越时间展开的。时间信息是情节的一个基本维度 记忆，潜藏在我们预测未来事件和解释过去的能力之中。现有的工作提供了 情节记忆和运动动作之间协同作用的证据有限，发现运动 与被动观察相比，新编码过程中的行为增强了后续项目的记忆。然而， 这项工作没有考虑到我们对我们所采取的行动的熟悉程度，也没有讨论形成 具有丰富的时间结构的情节记忆。如果我们要了解记忆是如何形成的 在日常生活的活跃和动态环境中，必须消除这些差距。为此，我建议 利用新开发的任务，参与者在执行过程中对新的情节序列进行编码 熟悉的动作序列与不熟悉的动作序列。初步的行为工作表明，该任务产生了可靠的 增强了在学习动作的同时遇到的新项目序列的时间顺序记忆。我 将使用功能磁共振成像来研究这种时间记忆效应的神经基础，特别是 海马和内侧前额叶皮质(MPFC)的贡献。我的假设建立在现有的理论基础上 这些区域协同工作，将新奇的情节体验与现有的知识结构相结合 (例如，学习的运动模式)来服务于记忆行为。在目标1中，我将评估是否学习了运动 行为导致海马体和mPFC之间的协调活动在系统水平上发生变化，进而 支持将新的情节信息与现有的马达序列记忆绑定。在《目标2》中，我会 专注于提取新的情节，确定是否重新激活学习的运动表征 在mPFC有助于获得时间顺序信息，以及海马体如何参与这一过程。 综合起来，这些目标将提供对我们日常运动行为如何影响并发记忆的洞察 经历。它们也有可能进一步加深我们对情景记忆功能障碍的理解 临床人群--运动障碍患者是如何发生的，以及如何在 那些运动功能完好无损的人。通过这个项目，我将加深对神经学的理解。 情节和运动记忆系统基础，同时还接受功能磁共振任务设计方面的培训，高级 神经成像分析和专业技能。所有研究都将在哥伦比亚大学进行，这是 拥有著名的记忆研究人员社区和最先进的神经成像设备。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT As part of daily life, we regularly engage in well-learned and repetitive sequences of motor actions, such as commuting to work. Simultaneously, we are bound to encounter a stream of novel episodic information (e.g., getting a funny text during your commute), which we might hope to retain in long-term memory. Despite the prevalence of learned motor sequences in day-to-day experience, their impact on memory for concurrent episodic events is largely unknown. In the current proposal, I will explore how learned actions scaffold memory for the way that novel events unfold across time. Temporal information is a fundamental dimension of episodic memory, underlying our capacity to both anticipate future events and interpret the past. Existing work provides limited evidence for cooperative interactions between episodic memory and motor actions, finding that motor behavior during novel encoding, relative to passive observation, enhances subsequent item memory. However, this work has not considered the familiarity we have with the actions we take, nor does it address the formation of episodic memories that are rich in temporal structure. If we are to understand how memories are formed in the active and dynamic environments of everyday life, these gaps must be addressed. To this end, I propose to utilize a newly-developed task in which participants encode novel episodic sequences during the execution of learned vs. unfamiliar motor action sequences. Initial behavioral work shows that this task produces reliable enhancements in temporal order memory for novel item sequences encountered alongside learned actions. I will use fMRI to investigate the neural bases of this temporal memory effect, focusing in particular on contributions of the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). My hypotheses build on extant theories that these regions work in tandem to integrate novel episodic experiences with existing knowledge structures (e.g., learned motor patterns) in the service of memory behavior. In Aim 1, I will assess whether learned motor behaviors elicit systems-level changes in coordinated activity between hippocampus and mPFC, which in turn support the binding of novel episodic information with an existing motor sequence memory. In Aim 2, I will focus on the retrieval of novel episodes, determining whether the reactivation of learned motor representations in mPFC facilitates access to temporal order information, and how the hippocampus is involved in this process. Together, these aims will provide insight into how our everyday motor behaviors impact memory for concurrent experiences. They also have the potential to further our understanding of episodic memory dysfunction in clinical populations — both how it arises in patients with motor impairments, and how it can be remedied in those where motor function remains intact. Through this project, I will advance my understanding of the neural bases of episodic and motor memory systems, while also receiving training in fMRI task design, advanced neuroimaging analyses, and professional skills. All research will be conducted at Columbia University, which is home to a renowned community of memory researchers and state-of-the-art neuroimaging facilities.