Stigma & Behav Hlth in Urban Employers from China & US

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将涉及来自美国和中华人民共和国的学者之间的合作奋进，以研究与行为驱动的健康障碍相关的耻辱对就业相关歧视的影响。患有三种此类疾病的人将是本研究的重点：精神病，酒精滥用障碍和艾滋病毒/艾滋病。这项研究将使用概率样本在三个城市站点：芝加哥，北京和香港，检查雇主的态度和行为（与普通公众相比）。核心研究问题包括为什么雇主赞同对这些疾病的污名化信念，这些态度如何导致扣留工作机会，以及社会和政治变量如何减轻雇主的态度和行动。首先，密集的定性访谈将在三个地点（N =360，120/城市）的雇主的不同样本进行，以探讨相关的态度，看法，和雇用行为健康状况的人相关的行为。本研究的结果将有助于为基于调查的定量研究提供信息，该研究将使用小插曲评估策略和析因调查设计（N = 900，300/城市）测试雇主对行为驱动健康状况的人的看法的社会认知模型。这将包括检查雇主归因的因果责任的障碍;归因的稳定性和可恢复性的障碍;关注不称职;关注传染。第三项研究将重复对香港、北京和芝加哥代表公众的样本进行的定量调查（N= 3，000，1，000/城市）。最后，社会文化因素的影响（例如，个人主义与集体主义文化取向）对雇主对健康相关疾病患者的态度和行为的影响。这项研究的数据将是特别重要的，为未来的污名改变计划的发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will involve a collaborative endeavor between scholars from the United States and the People's Republic of China to study the effects of stigma associated with behaviorally driven health disorders on employment-related discrimination. People with three such disorders will be the focus of this study: psychotic disorders, alcohol abuse disorders, and HIV/AIDS. The study will examine the attitudes and behaviors of employers (compared to the general public) using probability samples at three urban sites: Chicago, Beijing, and Hong Kong. Central research questions include why employers endorse stigmatizing beliefs about these disorders, how these attitudes result in withholding work opportunities, and how social and political variables mitigate employer attitudes and actions. First, intensive qualitative interviews will be conducted with a diverse sample of employers at the three sites (N =360, 120/city) to explore the relevant attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors related to hiring people with behavioral health conditions. Results from this study will help inform a survey-based quantitative study, which will test social cognitive models of employer perceptions of people with behaviorally driven health conditions using a vignette assessment strategy and factorial survey design (N = 900, 300/city). This will include examination of employer attributions of causal responsibility for the disorder; attributions about the stability and recoverability of the disorder; concerns about dangerousness; concerns about incompetence; and concerns about contagion. A third study will replicate the quantitative survey on samples representing the general public in Hong Kong, Beijing, and Chicago (N=3,000, 1,000/city). Finally, the effects of socio-cultural factors (e.g., individualist vs. collectivist cultural orientation) on employer attitudes and behavior vis-a-vis people with health-related conditions will be examined. Data from this study will be especially important for the development of future stigma-change programs.