University Life Transitions Telephone Diary Study

描述（由申请人提供）：大学生活转变（ULTRA）项目的目标是提高对以下方面的理解：(1)青春期晚期学生饮酒经历的自然生态及其后果；(2)酒精预期和后果在酒精使用决策中的作用。基于活性生物模型和酒精期望理论，本申请寻求资金用于对大学新生入学时收集的问卷（n=943）以及针对目标子样本（n=202， M=1 8.8岁，SD=.4）的一系列10周电话访谈进行数据分析。目标1：模拟酒精预期、酒精使用以及积极和消极饮酒后果的个体内部变异。将使用密集重复测量访谈数据的层次线性建模（HLM）来描述整个学期酒精消费的波动、节奏和模式。目的2：检验基于理论的关于酒精预期、使用和后果在人体内随时间相互共变的假设。基于酒精期望理论，假设了积极和消极的酒精期望来预测酒精使用；假设酒精使用可以预测积极和消极的后果；积极的（但不是消极的）结果被假设为预测个人期望的变化。目标3：确定酒精预期、使用和后果的个人变异和共同变异的人际间社会心理预测因子。酒精问题家族史、个性、目标、适应、酒精和其他药物使用史、感知酒精使用规范和活动（联谊会系统、荣誉项目、春假假期）的个体差异将作为目标1和目标2所建模的个人内部变异和共同变异的人际间预测因子。目的4：检查积极和消极影响与酒精使用的个人共变。该研究将模拟积极和消极影响是否与人体内的酒精使用共同变化。此外，还将研究人与人之间的调节因素以及饮酒与社会增强与紧张缓解之间的差异联系。这些目标将通过对ULTRA项目的定向调查和电话访谈研究进行分析来实现。这种密集的重复测量设计跟踪学生到他们的大学一年级，允许检查人与人之间的差异，通过时间的变化和Co.变化在酒精预期，使用，后果和影响使用HLM。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objectives of the University Life Transitions (ULTRA) Project are to improve understanding of: (1) the natural ecology of late adolescent students' experiences with alcohol and its consequences; and (2) the role played by alcohol expectancies and consequences in alcohol use decisions. Based on an active organism model and alcohol expectancy theory, this application seeks funds for data analysis of questionnaires collected at university freshman orientation (n=943) plus a series of 10 weekly telephone interviews on a targeted sub-sample (n=202, M=1 8.8 years, SD=.4). Specific aims are: Aim 1: Model intra-individual variability in alcohol expectancies, alcohol use, and positive and negative drinking consequences. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) of the intensive repeated measures interview data will be used to describe fluctuations, rhythms, and patterns of alcohol consumption across an academic semester. Aim 2: Test theoretically based hypotheses about reciprocal within-person through-time co-variation of alcohol expectancies, use, and consequences. Based on alcohol expectancy theory, positive and negative alcohol expectancies are hypothesized to predict alcohol use; alcohol use is hypothesized to predict positive and negative consequences; and positive (but not negative) consequences are hypothesized to predict within-person changes in expectancies. Aim 3: Identify between-person psychosocial predictors of within-person variation and co-variation in alcohol expectancies, use, and consequences. Individual differences in family history of alcohol problems, personality, goals, adjustment, alcohol and other drug use history, perceived alcohol use norms, and activities (Greek system, honors program, Spring break vacations) will serve as between-person predictors of within-person variation and co-variation as modeled by Aims 1 and 2. Aim 4: Examine within-person co-variation of positive and negative affect with alcohol use. The study will model whether positive and negative affect co-vary with alcohol use within persons. In addition, between-person moderators and differential links between alcohol use and consequences by drinking motivated by social enhancement vs. tension reduction will be examined. These aims will be addressed by conducting analyses of the ULTRA Project's Orientation Survey and Telephone Interview Study. This intensive repeated measures design following students through their first year of college permits the examination of between-person differences in within-person through-time variation and Co. variation in alcohol expectancies, use, consequences, and affect using HLM.