Etiology of Childhood Obesity: A Longitudinal Study

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖的病因学（ECHO）研究的目的是使用社会生态学方法研究儿童肥胖的病因学，考虑个人、家庭、学校和社区水平可能的风险和保护因素。青少年肥胖与成年后心血管疾病风险增加有关。大约60%的超重青少年有一种心血管疾病危险因素，另有25%有一种以上的危险因素。我们将招募400名年龄在10到13岁之间的青少年和他们的亲生父母之一，对他们进行测量，并对他们进行为期两年的跟踪调查。我们的招募目标将包括有超重风险或超重的年轻人（使用CDC增长曲线在BMI的第85百分位或以上）以及那些在推荐体重范围内的年轻人，并将根据邮政编码进行抽样，以确保经济和种族/民族的多样性。针对青少年的个人措施将包括空腹血糖、血脂、人体测量、血压、社会心理、偏好和社会经济地位、与体重相关的家族史，包括儿童出生体重、早期喂养（如母乳喂养、肥胖家族史和与肥胖相关的慢性疾病）、家庭膳食和活动模式，以及家庭食物和活动环境。我们将测量孩子的亲生父母的身高、体重、腰围和臀围。对于研究中的每个青少年，我们将收集他们的学校环境数据，包括体育活动的机会，学校自助餐厅和整个学校的食物选择，以及学校的食物和活动政策。将使用地理信息系统（GIS）方法获得社区层面的措施，以评估致肥环境因素，如每个青少年家和学校附近的步行和自行车道、便利店和快餐店的存在。本研究具有重要的时代性和重要性，因为它将：1)在社会生态学理论框架的指导下，从环境的多个层面确定致肥因素；2)包括来自大型城市社区的不同青年样本；3)关注可改变的风险和保护因素，并使用科学的方法对其进行测量；4)由经验丰富的多学科调查团队指导；5)为预防儿童肥胖的多层次干预提供必要信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the Etiology of Childhood Obesity (ECHO) study is to examine the etiology of childhood obesity using a socio-ecological approach considering possible risk and protective factors at individual, family, school, and neighborhood levels. Obesity in adolescence is related to increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Approximately 60% of overweight youth have one CVD risk factor and another 25% have more than one risk factor. We will recruit 400 youth between the ages of 10 and 13 and one of their biological parents, conduct measurements and follow them for two years. We will target our recruitment to include youth who are at risk for, or who are overweight (at or above the 85th percentile of BMI using the CDC growth curves) and those who are in the recommended weight range and will over sample by zip code to ensure economic and racial/ethnic diversity. Individual measures on youth will include fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, anthropometry, blood pressure, and psychosocial, preference and socioeconomic status, family history related to weight including child's birth weight, early feeding (practices such as breast-feeding, family history of obesity and obesity-related chronic disease), family meal and activity patterns, and the home food and activity environments. We will measure the height, weight, waist and hip circumference of both of the youth's biological parents. For each youth in the study, we will collect data on their school environment including opportunities for physical activity, food options available in the school cafeteria and throughout the school, and school food and activity policies. Neighborhood level measures will be obtained using Geographical Information System (GIS) methodologies to assess obesogenic environmental factors such as the presence of walking and bike paths, convenience stores and fast food restaurants proximal to each youth's home and school. This research is timely and important because it will: 1) identify obesogenic factors at multiple levels of the environment guided by a social-ecological theoretical framework; 2) include a diverse sample of youth from a large, urban community; 3)'focus on modifiable risk and protective factors and use state of the science methods to measure them; 4) be directed by an experienced and multidisciplinary team of investigators; and 5) provide essential information for multi-level interventions to prevent childhood obesity.