Preferences and Economic Decision-Making

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管个人偏好和态度在许多家庭决策模型中发挥着核心作用，但事实证明，在社会经济调查中，它们很难衡量。作为填补这一差距的一个步骤，本项目将结合特别设计的六波纵向家庭调查，设计、实地考察和评价一套关于三个重要偏好领域的创新措施。该油田位于墨西哥农村。对于每个受访者，我们将使用三种模式测量对家庭成员、邻居和陌生人（来自其他村庄）的个人间偏好、对风险的态度和跨时间偏好。首先，根据行为实验文献中完善的协议，受访者将在自己村庄的中央“实验室”完成带有现金支付的基于决策的任务。第二，这些奖励任务将适应家庭环境，并与住户调查一起实施。第三，试图引出这些偏好领域信息的访谈问题将包括在每一波调查中。有关每个被调查者及其家庭生活的详细信息将记录在广泛用途的住户调查中。将仔细评估这些替代性和可能互补的优惠措施。除了比较它们的信度、稳定性和内部效度之外，调查数据的丰富性将被充分利用，通过将其与特征和行为（包括家庭资源配置决策）联系起来，来评估每个措施的外部效度。通过利用研究设计引起的家庭内部资源分配的随机变化，还将评估偏好措施。该项目将产生独特丰富的公共使用数据，为更好地理解个人和家庭决策的动态提供无与伦比的机会。这项研究有可能为改进家庭调查中的偏好措施提出新的方向。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although individual preferences and attitudes play a central role in many models of family decision-making, they have proven to be very difficult to measure in socio-economic surveys. As a step towards filling that gap, this project will design, field and evaluate an innovative set of measures of three important domains of preferences in conjunction with six waves of a specially designed longitudinal household survey. The field site is rural Mexico. For each respondent, we will measure inter-personal preferences towards family members, neighbors and strangers (from other villages), attitudes towards risk and inter-temporal preferences using three modes. First, drawing on well-established protocols in the behavioral experiments literature, respondents will complete decision-based tasks that carry cash payments in central "laboratories" in their own village. Second, these incentivized tasks will be adapted to a home setting and implemented in conjunction with the household survey. Third, interview questions that attempt to elicit information about these domains of preferences will be included in each wave of the survey. Detailed information about the lives of each respondent and their families will be recorded in the broad-purpose household survey. These alternative and possibly complementary measures of preferences will be carefully evaluated. In addition to comparing their reliability, stability and internal validity, the richness of the survey data will be full exploited to assess the external validity of each measure by relating it to characteristics and behaviors, including household resource allocation decisions. The preference measures will also be evaluated by exploiting random variation in the distribution of resources within households, induced by the study design. The project will produce uniquely rich public use data that provide unparalleled opportunities for better understanding the dynamics of individual and family decision-making. This research has the potential to suggest new directions for improving measures of preferences in household surveys.