A Comparative History of Twentieth-Century Catholic Hospitals

描述(由申请人提供)： 这项研究将我的书《不太可能的企业家：天主教姐妹和医院市场，1865-1925》的分析延伸到了20世纪。该项目的重要性在于它以历史的方式解决了宗教应该(或不应该)在美国医院市场上扮演的角色这一棘手问题。它将比较和对比由东北部、中西部、西南部和偏远西部的三个宗教会众女性和一个男性教团拥有和运营的天主教医院。其中包括：太平洋西北部的普罗维登斯修女会，一个法裔加拿大人会众；芝加哥的亚历克西斯兄弟会，起源于比利时和德国，最初是中世纪的世俗乞丐；德克萨斯州的慈善女儿会，由出生于美国的伊丽莎白·塞顿创立；以及美国东部的仁慈姐妹会，最初是从爱尔兰移民过来的。其目的是完成一本完整的书手稿，该手稿将审查天主教医院如何同时是宗教和世俗机构的问题。这本书将探讨这一悖论在20世纪后期的表现方式。该项目尤其重要，因为天主教会是美国最大的非营利性医疗保健赞助商、系统和设施团体。这项研究运用社会和文化史的框架，考察了随着市场价值、现代化进程、宗教意识的转变、医疗改革努力和联邦法规的加速，天主教医院面临的重大挑战。天主教医院在非营利性医疗保健提供系统中的历史主导地位如何塑造了当前的医疗保健系统也将是一个主要焦点。通过档案研究和口述历史，该项目将根据地区(地点)、种族、民族和性别探索医院发展的多样性，同时展示天主教医院如何发展一种亚文化，将它们与非宗教医院区分开来。它将提供一个复杂的例证，说明机构遇到剧烈变化并带着新的愿景和社区目标出现意味着什么。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study extends the analysis of my book, Unlikely Entrepreneurs: Catholic Sisters and the Hospital Marketplace, 1865-1925, into the 20th century. The importance of the project lies in its historical approach to the vexed problem of the role that religion should (or should not) play in the American hospital marketplace. It will compare and contrast Catholic hospitals owned and operated by three religious congregations of women and one male order in the Northeast, Midwest, Southwest, and Far West. These include: the Sisters of Providence in the Pacific Northwest, a French-Canadian congregation; the Alexian Brothers in Chicago, who originated in Belgium and Germany as medieval lay mendicants; the Daughters of Charity in Texas, founded by the American-born Elizabeth Seton; and the Sisters of Mercy in the Eastern United States, who initially emigrated from Ireland. The aim is to complete a full-length book manuscript that will examine the problem of how Catholic hospitals were and are simultaneously religious and secular institutions. The book will consider the ways in which that paradox has manifested itself over the later 20th century. The project is especially significant since the Catholic Church is the nation's largest group of not-for-profit healthcare sponsors, systems, and facilities. Employing the framework of social and cultural history, this study examines the significant challenges Catholic hospitals encountered as marketplace values, modernization processes, shifts in religious consciousness, healthcare reform efforts, and federal regulation accelerated. How Catholic hospitals' historical dominance in the not-for-profit healthcare delivery system shaped the current healthcare system will also be a major focus. Through archival research and oral histories, the project will probe the diversity in hospital development according to region (place), race, ethnicity, and gender, while at the same time showing how Catholic hospitals developed a subculture that distinguished them from non-religious hospitals. It will provide a complex illustration of what it means for institutions to encounter drastic change and emerge with a new vision and community purpose.