LOW-CHO & HIGH-CHO, HIGH-FIBER DIETS & RISK MARKERS FOR THE METABOLIC SYNDROME

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 本研究的目的是比较自由低碳水化合物饮食与自由高碳水化合物、高纤维饮食对代谢综合征男性和女性心血管疾病风险的胰岛素敏感性和血液标志物的影响。 在随机交叉设计中，24名患有代谢综合征的男性和女性将食用两种饮食中的每一种：低碳水化合物饮食（15-20%碳水化合物; 55-60%脂肪; 25-30蛋白质）和高碳水化合物，高纤维饮食（55-60%碳水化合物; 20-25%脂肪; 15-20%蛋白质;每天> 30克纤维）。 每个饮食期将持续4周，其中有4-6周的洗脱期。 所有膳食将在综合临床研究中心（GCRC）厨房准备，供受试者每周三天取餐，并将包含Harris-Benedict方程估计的每日能量需求的150%。 将指示受试者仅进食至不再饥饿，并将未食用的食物返还给GCRC。 我们推测，高碳水化合物、高纤维自由饮食可显著改善胰岛素敏感性（QUICKI），增强动脉内皮和平滑肌功能，（通过血流介导的扩张测量）;增加脂联素的血液浓度;降低血液中总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、C反应蛋白、同型半胱氨酸、纤维蛋白原、细胞因子的浓度（IL-1，IL-2，IL-6和TNF-α），白细胞粘附分子（E-选择素，细胞间粘附分子1（ICAM-1）和血管细胞粘附分子1（VCAM-1）），和血压;而随意低碳水化合物，低纤维饮食不会。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The objective of this study is to compare an ad libitum low-carbohydrate diet with an libitum high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet with regard to insulin sensitivity and blood markers for cardiovascular disease risk in men and women with the metabolic syndrome. In a randomized crossover design, 24 men and women with the metabolic syndrome will consume each of two diets: a low-carbohydrate diet (15-20% carbohydrate; 55-60% fat; 25-30 protein) and a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet (55-60% carbohydrate; 20-25% fat; 15-20% protein; > 30 grams fiber per day). Each diet period will last 4 weeks, with a 4-6 week wash-out period. All meals will be prepared in the General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) kitchen for pick-up three days per week by the participants, and will contain 150% of daily energy requirements estimated by the Harris-Benedict equation. Participants will be instructed to eat only until no longer hungry, and to return uneaten food to the GCRC. We hypothesize that that the ad libitum high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet will significantly improve insulin sensitivity assessed by the Quantitative Insulin sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), enhance arterial endothelial and smooth muscle function (as measured by flow-mediated dilation); increase blood concentration of adiponectin; and reduce blood concentrations of total and LDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha), leukocyte adhesion molecules(E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1)), and blood pressure; whereas the ad libitum low-carbohydrate, low-fiber diet will not.