Adolescents with Substance and Conduct Problems: Imaging Callous-Unemotionality

描述(由申请人提供)：这项提案由一名早期调查员提交，寻求四年的R01支持，以进行一项针对患有严重物质和行为问题的青少年患者的MRI研究和青少年控制。这一建议试图确定冷漠无情(CU)的神经关联(包括功能和结构)。CU在儿童和青春期可识别，是一种成年后相对稳定的特征，与持续的反社会行为问题和物质依赖有关；患有CU、反社会行为问题和物质使用障碍的个人似乎对治疗更具抵抗力。这项建议还将允许搜索青少年起病的物质依赖亚型的神经关联。我们将招募，完成广泛的诊断性面试，并在他们玩阿兰的游戏时对他们进行成像。这款游戏是为在MRI环境中使用而设计的，在我们的磁铁外飞行员测试中，它已经显示出与CU特征分数的强烈关系。 公共卫生相关性：物质使用障碍和反社会行为是主要的公共卫生问题，与严重的发病率和高死亡率有关，并有部分遗传病因。冷酷无情的特征在儿童和青少年时期是可以识别的，在青年期相对稳定，并预测未来和持续的反社会行为和物质问题。目前的研究提出了一项神经生物学研究，寻找冷漠无情与青春期物质依赖亚型之间的关系。更好地了解这些疾病的生物病因可能会导致更好的预防或治疗方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal, submitted by an early stage investigator, seeks four years of R01 support to conduct an MRI study of adolescent patients with serious substance and conduct problems and adolescent controls. This proposal seeks to identify the neural correlates (both functional and structural) of callous-unemotionality (CU). CU is identifiable in childhood and adolescence, is a relatively stable trait into adulthood, and is linked with persistent antisocial behavior problems and substance dependence; individuals with CU, antisocial behavior problems and substance use disorders appear more resistant to treatment. This proposal will also allow searching for neural correlates of subtypes of adolescent-onset substance dependence. We will recruit, complete extensive diagnostic interviews and image subjects while they play the AlAn's game. That game, which was designed for use in the MRI environment, has demonstrated a strong relationship with CU trait scores in our out-of-magnet pilot testing. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Substance use disorders and antisocial behavior are major public health problems, are linked to serious morbidity and high mortality and have a partial genetic etiology. Callous-unemotional traits are identifiable in childhood and adolescents, are relatively stable into young adulthood and predict future and persistent antisocial behavior and substance problems. The current study proposes a search for neurobiological correlates callous-unemotionality and subtypes of adolescent-onset substance dependence. Better understanding the biological etiology of these disorders may lead to better prevention or treatment approaches.