The Complexity of Immigrant Generations

描述(由申请人提供)：最近的研究指出了移民世代的复杂性。移民是作为儿童而不是成人来的，种族间婚姻以及不同世代的同族人之间的婚姻创造了各种各样的婚姻结合，而特殊的结构可能对这些婚姻产生的儿童的种族依恋和社会经济结果产生重要影响。另一项研究突显了选择性的种族流失如何会在追踪美国移民群体后代的社会经济进步方面产生潜在的严重问题。这项申请建议综合这些研究线索，以更好地了解来自主要拉美裔和亚洲国家的移民后代在美国的融合和成就。利用近年来美国人口普查、美国社区调查和当前人口调查的微观数据，拟议的研究将探索来自拉美裔(墨西哥、波多黎各、古巴、萨尔瓦多和多米尼加共和国)和亚洲(中国、印度、日本、韩国和菲律宾)来源国的一些重要移民群体的代际复杂性和种族认同之间的联系。这项研究还将评估这些移民群体的第二代和第三代成员中种族流失的程度和选择性，并将评估标准成就衡量标准中隐含的偏见，这些标准衡量标准几乎总是依赖于第三代及以后移民后代的种族自我认同。具体而言，该项目将：1.利用《儿童保护计划》中关于父母出生国的信息，全面审查第二代成年人(25-59岁)和第三代儿童(17岁及以下，与父母同住)的世代复杂性及其与种族损耗的关系。2.利用最近人口普查和美国人口普查数据中关于种族认同的更大样本和更详细的信息，分析种族间婚姻的程度和选择性，以及这如何影响这些婚姻所产生的子女的种族认同和社会经济背景。3.比较不同拉美裔和亚裔移民群体的模式，并评估婚姻市场和婚姻模式的理论模型对解释这些模式的有用性。 公共卫生相关性：就公共卫生而言，重要的是要了解按种族、民族、西班牙裔、原籍和移民一代定义的人口部分的健康结果、行为和社会经济特征是如何变化的。大多数研究依赖于自我报告的种族、族裔和西班牙裔原籍的衡量标准，拟议的项目将评估这种自我报告的衡量标准可能在多大程度上系统性地对特定种族/族裔群体或移民世代的估计产生偏差。该项目还将评估采用更细微的移民世代概念所带来的科学回报。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research points to the complexity of immigrant generations. Immigrants arriving as children rather than as adults, interethnic marriage, and marriage between co-ethnics of different generations create a wide variety of marital unions, and the particular configuration can have important impacts on the ethnic attachments and socioeconomic outcomes of the children produced by these marriages. Another strand of research highlights how selective ethnic attrition can generate potentially serious problems for tracking the socioeconomic progress of the later-generation descendants of U.S. immigrant groups. This application proposes to synthesize these research strands to better understand the integration and attainment of the descendants of immigrants to the United States from key Hispanic and Asian countries. Using microdata from recent years of the U.S. Census, the American Community Survey (ACS), and the Current Population Survey (CPS), the proposed research will explore the links between generational complexity and ethnic identification for a number of important immigrant groups from Hispanic (Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, El Salvador, and the Dominican Republic) and Asian (China, India, Japan, Korea, and the Philippines) source countries. The research will also evaluate the extent and selectivity of ethnic attrition among second- and third-generation members of each of these immigrant groups, and it will assess the implied biases in standard measures of attainment that almost always rely on ethnic self-identification for immigrant descendants in the third generation and beyond. Specifically, this project will: 1. Exploit information in the CPS on parents' countries of birth in order to conduct a comprehensive examination of generational complexity and how it relates to ethnic attrition among second-generation adults (ages 25-59) and among third-generation children (ages 17 and below who live with their parents). 2. Employ the larger samples and more detailed information on ethnic identification available in recent Census and ACS data to analyze the extent and selectivity of interethnic marriage and how this influences the ethnic identification and socioeconomic background of the children produced by these marriages. 3. Compare patterns across the various Hispanic and Asian immigrant groups and evaluate the usefulness of theoretical models of marriage markets and marital patterns for interpreting these patterns. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: For public health purposes, it is important to understand how health outcomes and behaviors and socioeconomic characteristics vary across segments of the population defined by race, ethnicity, Hispanic origin, nativity, and immigrant generation. Most research relies on self-reported measures of race, ethnicity and Hispanic origin, and the proposed project will assess the extent to which such self-reported measures can systematically bias estimates for particular racial/ethnic groups or immigrant generations. The project will also evaluate the scientific payoff from adopting a more nuanced conception of immigrant generations.