Gas-Phase Cross-Linking with Ion/Ion Chemistry Coupled to Ion Mobility/Mass Spectrometry

项目总结 尽管有许多研究蛋白质结构的技术，但没有一种技术具有速度、 选择性、准确性、分辨率和灵活性。长期目标是使用一套气相化学反应来 离子/离子反应与离子迁移率(IM)和串联质谱学(MS)测量的耦合 吞吐量，几乎无需样品制备，蛋白质结构测量。这次探索性的总体目标是 项目，这是实现我们的长期目标的下一步，是实现快速离子/离子交叉连接 在IM/MS平台上的反应，使用串联质谱学来识别交联点。其基本原理是 这项技术的发展是将来自本地IM/MS的信息与获得的信息相结合 从在亚秒时间尺度上进行的实验方法中的交联性。这一增长 吞吐量、信息量和样品制备的缺乏(与X射线衍射法、核磁法、 共振，或冷冻电子显微镜)有望推动确定蛋白质的生物医学研究 蛋白质的结构和功能可以变得快速和例行公事。整体而言 这项应用的目标将通过以下具体目标来实现：1.将气相离子/离子结合 用IM/MS测定完整蛋白质的交联度；2.使用IM结合串联MS来确定 完整蛋白质的交联点。对于第一个目标，各种单体和多聚体蛋白质将被 气相中的交联物。交联蛋白和未修饰蛋白之间整体结构的变化，如 以及溶液和气相交联蛋白之间的相互作用，将通过IM进行测量。在第二个目标下， 碰撞诱导解离(CID)和电子俘获解离(ECD)的组合将用于 确定交叉链接的站点。拟议的技术是创新的，因为它代表了 通过将交联物和原生IM/MS分析耦合到一个气相质量中来改变现状 光谱实验，允许快速交联分析并提供多种互补措施 气相蛋白质结构。这项新技术意义重大，因为它有望成为一种快速工具 用于初级、二级、三级和四级蛋白质结构的高通量表征。当完全 开发出来的这项技术有可能用于完整蛋白质的复杂混合物和快速 筛选与小分子/药物的相互作用，为临床研究、治疗、 和药物设计。

PROJECT SUMMARY Although many technologies exist for studying protein structures, none possess a combination of speed, selectivity, accuracy, resolution, and flexibility. The long-term goal is to use a suite of gas-phase chemistries for ion/ion reactions coupled to ion mobility (IM) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS) measurements for high- throughput, virtually sample-prep free, protein structure measurements. The overall objective for this exploratory project, which is the next step toward attaining our long-term goal, is to implement rapid ion/ion cross-linking reactions on an IM/MS platform, using tandem mass spectrometry to identify cross-linked sites. The rationale for the development of this technology is to combine the information from native IM/MS with information obtained from cross-linking in an experimental method conducted on the sub-second timescale. The increase in throughput, information, and lack of sample prep (compared to, e.g., X-ray diffractometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, or cryo-electron microscopy) is expected to advance biomedical research determining protein structure and function to where protein structural determinations can become rapid and routine. The overall objective of this application will be reached through the following Specific Aims: 1. Combine gas-phase ion/ion cross-linking of intact proteins with IM/MS measurements; and 2. Use IM combined with tandem MS to determine cross-linking locations for intact proteins. For the first aim, a variety of monomeric and multimeric proteins will be cross-linked in the gas-phase. Changes in overall structure between cross-linked and unmodified proteins, as well as between solution and gas-phase cross-linked proteins, will be measured by IM. Under the second aim, a combination of collision induced dissociation (CID) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) will be used to determine cross-linked sites. The proposed technology is innovative because it represents a substantive departure from the status quo by coupling cross-linking and native IM/MS analysis into one gas-phase mass spectrometry experiment, allowing rapid cross-linking analysis and providing multiple complementary measures of gas-phase protein structure. This new technology is significant because it is expected to become a rapid tool for high-throughput characterization of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure. When fully developed, the technology has the potential to be used for complex mixtures of intact proteins and for rapid screening of interactions with small molecules/drugs, creating new opportunities in clinical research, treatment, and drug design.