Monitoring the Future: Drug Use and Lifestyles of American Youth

本申请寻求正在进行的监测未来(MTF)研究的五年续展 1975年开始的流行病学和病原学研究和报告项目。除了作为一个基本的 研究研究表明，MTF已成为美国最依赖新兴趋势信息的来源之一 在美国青少年、大学生和青年和中年人中使用非法药物、酒精和烟草- 年迈的成年人。具有全国代表性的8、10和12年级学生样本(约42,000名学生 从2017/18年度到2021/22年度，每年将对415所学校进行调查。一个配套的面板应用程序正在寻找 继续对19-30岁的过去和将来的高中毕业生进行邮寄跟踪调查， 35岁，40岁，45岁，50岁，55岁，这个周期的新手，60岁。 这项研究的队列顺序纵向设计允许测量和区分三个 变化类型--年龄(发展)、时期(历史)和队列。每一个都有不同的决定因素，MTF 发现大多数药物都会发生这三种类型的变化。可能解释历史趋势和队列的因素 不同之处也受到监控。MTF旨在记录以下方面的发展历史和后果 从青春期到成年中期的药物使用和相关态度，并确定个人和 上下文特征和社会角色转换，有助于改变和稳定使用和 相关的态度。这项工作将在这一主要应用程序和 配套的后续应用程序。这项研究将检验许多其他假设的重要性 吸毒的心理、行为和社会决定因素(包括态度和信念、反吸毒 广告、角色建模和访问)，以及一系列潜在后果(包括物理和 心理健康、地位获得、角色表现以及药物滥用和依赖)。一些因素的影响 将评估政策变化，包括州一级娱乐用大麻合法化。在这个周期中 调查人员将实施远程数据门户，以允许外部学术人员访问MTF数据 研究人员。 这项研究的测量范围非常广泛，包括：(A)50多个类别的开始、使用和停止 合法和非法药物的细分类别，包括酒精和烟草；(B)对许多 他们，以及感知的可用性、同伴规范和榜样群体中的规范；(C)其他行为和 个人特征(犯罪、在校表现、计划、抱负等)；和(D)关键方面 社会环境(家庭、工作、学校)和社会角色状态、经历和转变。结果将 继续阐明从青春期到成年期的药物使用--包括引入新药-- 对政策、研究、治疗和预防议程具有重大影响。

This application seeks a five-year continuation of the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, an ongoing epidemiological and etiological research and reporting project begun in 1975. In addition to being a basic research study, MTF has become one of the nation's most relied upon sources of information on emerging trends in illicit drug, alcohol, and tobacco use among American adolescents, college students, and young and middle- aged adults. Nationally representative samples of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students (about 42,000 students in 415 schools per year) will be surveyed annually from 2017/18 to 2021/22. A companion panel application seeks continuation of the mail follow-up surveys of both past and future high school graduates at modal ages 19–30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and, new to this cycle, age 60. The study's cohort-sequential longitudinal design permits the measurement and differentiation of three types of change—age (developmental), period (historical), and cohort. Each has different determinants, and MTF finds all three types of change occur for most drugs. Factors that may explain historical trends and cohort differences also are monitored. MTF is designed to document the developmental history and consequences of drug use and related attitudes from adolescence through middle adulthood, and to determine the individual and contextual characteristics and social role transitions that contribute to change and stability in both use and related attitudes. This work will be extended to new years, cohorts, and ages under this main application and the companion follow-up application. The study will examine the importance of many other hypothesized psychological, behavioral, and social determinants of drug use (including attitudes and beliefs, counter- advertising, role-modeling, and access), as well as a range of potential consequences (including physical and psychological health, status attainment, role performance, and drug abuse and dependence). Impacts of some policy changes will be evaluated, including state-level legalization of marijuana for recreational use. In this cycle the investigators will implement a remote data portal to allow access to MTF data by external academic researchers. The study's very broad measurement covers (a) initiation, use, and cessation for over 50 categories and sub-categories of licit and illicit drugs, including alcohol and tobacco; (b) attitudes and beliefs about many of them, as well as perceived availability, peer norms, and norms among role model groups; (c) other behaviors and individual characteristics (delinquency, school performance, plans, aspirations, etc.); and (d) aspects of key social environments (home, work, school) and social role statuses, experiences, and transitions. Results will continue to elucidate drug use from adolescence through adulthood—including the introduction of new drugs— with major implications for policy, research, treatment, and prevention agendas.