Chronic effects of different THC:CBD ratios on executive function and emotional processing in people with multiple sclerosis

项目摘要 大约70%的多发性硬化症（PwMS）患者会用大麻来掩盖自己的症状。Δ-9- 四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）是最丰富的大麻成分。THC 表现出精神活性作用，可能诱发急性精神病，并影响执行功能。CBD不是 精神活性物质如THC并且已经显示出在情感上有益（即，抗焦虑药），抗炎药， 和神经保护重要的是，在数量上存在巨大的差异（即，THC和CBD的比例） 市售。因此，各种大麻品种的THC：CBD的比例可能具有关键作用。 对执行功能和情绪处理的影响（即，恐惧、焦虑）。目前， 了解不同比例的THC：CBD对大脑活动，执行功能， 和情绪处理的能力 这个应用程序的目标是进行一个独特的观察，横断面研究，采用现实世界的 不同THC：CBD比例的大麻产品目前可供爱荷华州居民使用。我们将调查 在执行功能，情绪处理和大脑活动的差异，在PwMS谁一直使用 不同的THC：CBD比例的大麻至少6个月[高CBD组（CBD >THC）; 1：1组（THC = 1）] 高THC组（THC > CBD）;非使用者组（无大麻）]。执行功能和情绪 将采用有效的精神病学和神经心理学措施对处理过程进行评估。正电子发射 将使用[18 F]-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）断层扫描（PET）测量脑活动。 我们的中心假设是，高THC组将有更差的执行功能和情绪 与高CBD组、1：1组和非用户组相比，高CBD组将具有 与高THC，1：1和非用户组相比，更好的情感处理。这些假设是 根据以前的研究和我们自己的初步数据制定。 这项关于目前正在使用大麻的PwMS的研究很好地为我们提供了重要的信息。 了解不同THC：CBD比例的影响，并强调未来纵向研究的途径 （R01）。

Project Summary Approximately 70% of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) self-medicate their symptoms with cannabis. Δ-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most abundant cannabis components. THC exhibits psychoactive effects, may induce acute psychosis, and impacts executive function. CBD is not psychoactive like THC and has been shown to be emotionally beneficial (i.e., anxiolytic), anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. Critically, there is a vast diversity in the amounts (i.e., ratios) of THC and CBD commercially available. Therefore, the ratio of THC: CBD of various strains of cannabis may have a pivotal impact on executive function and emotional processing (i.e., fear, anxiety) in PwMS. Currently, there is a gap of understanding surrounding the effects of different ratios of THC:CBD on brain activity, executive function, and emotional processing in PwMS. The goal of this application is to conduct a unique observational, cross-sectional study that employs real-world cannabis products of varying THC:CBD ratios currently available to Iowa residents. We will investigate differences in executive function, emotional processing, and brain activity in PwMS who have been using different THC:CBD ratios of cannabis for at least 6 months [High CBD group (CBD >THC); 1:1 group (THC = CBD); High THC group (THC > CBD); Non-Users group (no cannabis)]. Executive function and emotional processing will be assessed with valid psychiatric and neuropsychological measures. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) will be used as a measure of brain activity. Our central hypothesis is that the High THC group will have worse executive function and emotional processing compared to the High CBD, 1:1, and Non-Users groups, and that the High CBD group will have better emotional processing compared to the High THC, 1:1, and Non-Users groups. These hypotheses were formulated based on previous studies and our own preliminary data. This research on PwMS who are currently using cannabis is well-positioned to critically inform our understanding of the effects of different THC:CBD ratios and highlight avenues for future longitudinal studies (R01).