Adiposity and Sleep-Associated Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors

7.项目总结/摘要 背景肥胖和睡眠时间短是重要的公共健康问题，有证据表明， 这些疾病与过早死亡、心血管疾病、代谢综合征和 炎症在美国，37.9%的成年人被归类为肥胖，身体质量指数（BMI） 30公斤/平方米或以上。按性别分层，35.2%的男性和40.5%的女性达到BMI临界点， 肥胖同样，缩短睡眠时间也很常见，据估计，美国35.3%的成年人 在24小时内睡眠时间少于建议的7小时的州。近年来 人们对肥胖和睡眠时间短之间的潜在联系越来越感兴趣，这是由于：（1） 在过去的几十年里，这两种疾病的患病率明显平行增加;（2）它们的重叠 与心脏代谢结果的相关性;（3）两种健康状况之间的潜在因果关系 问题. Research.拟议的调查将力求有助于制定一项全面的 肥胖睡眠模型，同时为未来的研究计划奠定基础， 治疗肥胖和睡眠相关的心脏代谢疾病的危险因素。本次K奖中提出的研究 旨在研究与肥胖-睡眠假说相关的四个主题：（1） 肥胖与睡眠时间关系的性别差异 持续时间;（3）肥胖指数和睡眠时间对心脏代谢结果的影响;（4） 社会生态因素作为肥胖指数、睡眠和 心脏代谢结局。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将采用大规模调查 （n= 1，000）招募159名受试者（53名正常体重，53名超重和53名肥胖），在两个实验中进行评估 阶段。第一阶段是一项实验室研究，将用于收集客观的肥胖指数（排气量 体积描记和人体测量）和心脏代谢数据（血压、脉搏波速度和 脉搏波分析和基于血液的生物标志物）。第二阶段是一个为期一周的家庭研究，将用于 收集睡眠相关数据（家庭睡眠测试/睡眠呼吸暂停、活动记录、睡眠日记）。在第二阶段， 将收集详细的人口统计学和社会生态学数据， 睡眠相关的心脏代谢疾病危险因素。这些数据的收集和分析将提供 必要的信息，以定制未来的观察和干预研究。训练从教学角度来说， K 01的培训计划包括教学培训（课程、研讨会、专题讨论会）、指导 （指导研究、阅读材料、教程）和传播交付成果（出版物、演示文稿和 完成拟议项目和启动研究途径所需的 独立这个职业发展计划建立在申请人以前的肥胖和睡眠健康的基础上 研究并将这两个独立的健康问题结合到一个相互关联的调查中。

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Background. Obesity and short sleep duration are significant public health issues with evidence suggesting these conditions are associated with premature mortality, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation. In the United States, 37.9% of adults are classified as obese, having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater. Stratified by sex, 35.2% of men and 40.5% of women meet the BMI cut-point for obesity. Similarly, curtailed sleep duration is commonplace, with an estimated 35.3% of adults in the United States receiving less than the recommended 7 hours of sleep during a 24-hour period. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the potential link between obesity and short sleep duration due to: (1) the apparent parallel increase in prevalence of both conditions over the past few decades; (2) their overlapping association with cardiometabolic outcomes; and (3) the potential causal connection between the two health issues. Research. The proposed investigation will seek to contribute to the development of a comprehensive adiposity-sleep model, while laying the groundwork for a future program of research seeking to prevent and treat adiposity and sleep-related cardiometabolic disease risk factors. The study proposed within this K-award is intended to investigate four topics pertinent to the adiposity-sleep hypothesis: (1) the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; (2) sex-based differences in the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; (3) influence of adiposity indices and sleep duration on cardiometabolic outcomes; and (4) the role of socioecological factors as effect modifiers in the relationship between adiposity indices, sleep, and cardiometabolic outcomes. To address these aims, the proposed study will employ a large-scale survey (n=1,000) to recruit 159 subjects (53 normal weight, 53 overweight, and 53 obese) to be assessed in two phases. Phase 1, an in-lab study, will be used to gather objective adiposity indices (air displacement plethysmography and anthropometrics) and cardiometabolic data (blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis, and blood-based biomarker). Phase 2, a one-week, home-based study, will be used to gather sleep-related data (home sleep testing/sleep apnea, actigraphy, sleep diaries). During Phase 2, detailed demographic and socioecological data will be collected to contextualize hypothesized adiposity and sleep-associated cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Collection and analyses of these data will provide necessary information to customize future observational and intervention research. Training. Pedagogically, the training plan for the K01 is comprised of the didactic training (coursework, seminars, symposia), mentoring (directed research, readings, tutorials), and dissemination deliverables (publications, presentations, and proposals) required to complete the proposed project and to initiate a pathway towards research independence. This career development plan builds upon the applicant’s previous obesity and sleep health research and couples these two independent health issues into an interconnected line of inquiry.