Articulatory and prosodic sensorimotor adaptation in speaker-listener interactions

项目摘要 改变的听觉反馈是研究发音和韵律控制和理解的有力工具 非典型言语运动控制如何导致言语和声音障碍。该工具通常用于 研究感觉运动适应，一个重要的言语运动学习过程和核心组成部分， 语言运动控制理论然而，传统的改变听觉反馈范式涉及说话者， 隔离这种方法并不能捕捉到说话者的目标是控制语言运动的典型互动。 就是向听众传达信息听者可以在以下方面对说话者施加相当大的影响： 词的选择和句子结构，但听者对发音和韵律的运动控制的影响 尚未被调查。发音和韵律对于有效的沟通至关重要，但通常 在沟通障碍中受损。它们在重要方面也有区别。例如，更改单个 发音功能，如第一元音共振峰（F1）elimanate的反应，只有在该功能，但改变了一个单一的 韵律特征如基频（f0）可以引起对其他韵律线索的响应。韵律提示， fo、声压级和速率可以互换以达到韵律目标，但这种灵活性较小 可用于产生发音特征。鉴于控制机制和目标的这些差异， 由于发音和韵律的特殊性，听者可能会对这些系统施加不平等的影响。中央 本研究假设发音和韵律的感觉运动适应都受到一个 听众，但这两个语音子系统的听众效果会有所不同。这一假设将是 通过两个具体目标进行测试：1）确定听者对感觉运动适应的影响， 发音和韵律; 2）比较听者对发音强度和特异性的影响， 韵律适应40名成年人将在有和没有听众的情况下完成感觉运动适应任务。 在这些任务中，在说出句子的第一个词时，将应用改变的听觉反馈。 F1的发音操作将使//向//移动; fo的韵律操作将使重音移动 走向中立。当听者在场时，他会以肯定或反驳的方式回应说话者 由改变的听觉反馈引起的言语错误的自我纠正。拟议的工作有 理论意义，因为它将语言运动控制理论扩展到生态有效的相互作用。的 该项目具有临床意义，因为它有可能为那些自我受损的人确定干预目标， 监测言语或非典型感觉运动适应。它将利用外部反馈为干预措施提供信息， 支持受损的自我监控系统，这可能是发音和韵律缺陷的基础。

Project Summary Altered auditory feedback is a powerful tool for studying articulatory and prosodic control and understanding how atypical speech motor control may contribute to speech and voice impairment. This tool is often used to study sensorimotor adaptation, an important speech motor learning process and a central component of theories of speech motor control. Yet a traditional altered auditory feedback paradigm involves a speaker in isolation. This method does not capture speech motor control in typical interactions in which the speaker’s goal is to convey a message to a listener. A listener can exert considerable influence over a speaker in terms of word choice and sentence structure, but the effect of the listener on motor control of articulation and prosody has not been investigated. Articulation and prosody are crucial for effective communication, yet commonly impaired in communication disorders. They also differ in important ways. For example, altering a single articulatory feature like the first vowel formant (F1) elicits a response in only that feature, but altering a single prosodic feature like fundamental frequency (fo) can elicit a response in other prosodic cues. Prosodic cues like fo, sound pressure level, and rate can be traded to reach the prosodic target, but such flexibility is less available for producing articulatory features. Given these differences in control mechanisms and target specificity for articulation and prosody, the listener may exert unequal influences on these systems. The central hypothesis of this study is that sensorimotor adaptation in both articulation and prosody will be affected by a listener, but that the listener effect will differ between these two speech subsystems. This hypothesis will be tested through two specific aims: 1) to determine the effect of the listener on sensorimotor adaptation in articulation and prosody; and 2) to compare listener effects on strength and specificity of articulatory and prosodic adaptation. Forty adults will complete sensorimotor adaptation tasks with and without a listener. Altered auditory feedback will be applied during the first word of sentences spoken during these tasks. Articulatory manipulations of F1 will shift /ɛ/ toward /ɪ/; prosodic manipulations of fo will shift emphatic stress toward neutral. A listener, when present, will respond to the speaker in a way that either confirms or contradicts the self-corrections of speech errors elicited by the altered auditory feedback. The proposed work has theoretical significance, as it will extend theories of speech motor control to ecologically valid interactions. The project has clinical significance through its potential to identify intervention targets for those with impaired self- monitoring of speech or atypical sensorimotor adaptation. It will inform interventions using external feedback to bolster an impaired self-monitoring system that may underlie articulatory and prosodic deficits.