BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

描述(由申请者提供)：艾滋病毒和艾滋病病例比率仅提供了艾滋病毒流行演变的有限快照。许多人继续在艾滋病毒疾病晚期进行诊断，来自这些人的数据让我们得以一窥多年前发生的危险行为。此外，估计艾滋病毒发病率和艾滋病毒检测的最可靠数据是通过公共资助的艾滋病毒咨询和检测网站收集的。尽管这两组数据都非常有助于描述当前的疫情，但这些数据是有限的。必须建立和维持一种机制，以动态和实时的方式列举已知促进艾滋病毒传播的行为，并评估获得包括艾滋病毒检测在内的预防服务的机会。国家艾滋病行为监测项目就是这样一种机制。它将提供对艾滋病毒风险和艾滋病毒预防行为的更多了解，并将使公共卫生官员能够通过不断变化的预防干预和预防信息来及时应对艾滋病毒流行的变化。该项目建议在全国25个地点中的每个地点调查至少500名认为与其他男性发生性关系的男性、注射吸毒者或异性恋高危人群。风险人群将在每个研究周期轮换，这些方法将利用尖端监测技术，例如通过受访者驱动的抽样进行招募和通过手持个人数字助理收集数据。参与者将被问及艾滋病毒危险行为、艾滋病毒预防行为(包括艾滋病毒检测实践)以及艾滋病毒预防服务的知识和获得情况。此外，将向所有参与者提供自愿艾滋病毒检测，以便从社区角度对艾滋病毒流行率进行估计。丹佛公共卫生和科罗拉多州公共卫生和环境部参加了第一轮NHBS。我们成功地实现了我们的所有目标，为三个不同的社区：MSM、IDU和异性恋者制定了形成性评估；通过达到并超过了我们的调查招募目标；通过将NHBS的调查结果传播回当地社区。这项申请将详细说明我们的研究计划，即再次调查艾滋病毒高危人群，同时建立社区，并加强州和地方卫生部门、社区组织、当地研究人员和社区本身之间的合作努力。通过参与NHBS项目的第二轮，我们将能够为我们当地和国家对艾滋病毒危险行为的理解做出重大贡献。我们将能够更好地评估艾滋病毒预防服务，包括检测。我们将能够在社区一级对艾滋病毒流行率进行估计。最重要的是，通过审查和分析收集的数据，我们将更好地做好准备，以必要的有效预防计划继续应对正在进行的艾滋病毒流行。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV and AIDS case rates give only a limited snapshot of the evolution of the HIV epidemic. Many people continue to present for diagnosis late in HIV disease and data from these persons gives a glimpse of risk behaviors that were occurring years ago. In addition, the most reliable data for estimating HIV incidence and HIV testing is collected through publicly-funded HIV counseling and testing sites. Though both of these data sets are extraordinarily helpful in characterizing the current epidemic, this data is limited. It is imperative that a mechanism be established and sustained that will enumerate behaviors known to facilitate HIV transmission and evaluate access to prevention services including HIV testing in a dynamic and real time manner. The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance project is just such a mechanism. It will provide a greater comprehension of HIV risk and HIV prevention behaviors, and will allow public health officials to respond in a timely manner to changes in the HIV epidemic with evolving prevention interventions and prevention messages. This project proposes to survey at least 500 persons who identify as men who have sex with other men, injection drug users, or heterosexuals at high risk for HIV in each of 25 sites across the country. The population at risk will rotate for each study cycle and the methods will utilize cutting edge surveillance technologies such as recruitment through respondent-driven sampling and the collection of data though handheld PDAs. Participants will be asked about HIV risk behaviors, about HIV prevention behaviors including HIV testing practices, and about knowledge of and access to HIV prevention services. In addition, all participants will be offered voluntary HIV testing allowing estimates of HIV prevalence to be made from a community perspective. Denver Public Health and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment participated in the first round of NHBS. We successfully met all of our objectives by developing formative assessments for the three respective communities: MSM, IDU, and heterosexual; by meeting and exceeding our recruitment goals for surveying; and by disseminating NHBS findings back out into the local community. This application will detail our research plan to again survey persons at risk for HIV, while building community and increasing collaborative efforts between the state and local health department, community based organizations, local researchers, and the communities themselves. By participating in the NHBS project for a second round, we will be able to make a significant contribution to our local and national understanding of HIV risk behaviors. We will be able to better evaluate HIV prevention services including testing. We will be able to develop community level estimates of HIV prevalence. Most importantly, through review and analysis of the data collected, we will be better poised to continue to respond to the ongoing HIV epidemic with needed effective prevention programs.