Identifying patterns and mechanistic pathways from violence exposure trajectories to aggressive behavior and psychological disorders

项目摘要 儿童和青少年中的暴力暴露是一个主要的公共卫生问题，与 对所有功能领域的短期和长期影响，包括学术、社会、身体和 心理上的。尽管研究人员经常提到这些人复杂而不同的经历 暴露在暴力中，大多数研究集中在单一时间点和狭隘定义的背景下暴露。 因此，我们缺乏关于(1)暴力暴露的性质、时间和共同发生的信息 类型，(2)发育转变和不同的环境如何影响暴露的模式或概况，以及 (3)不同的暴露模式和暴露的时间是否能不同地预测 例如精神健康和随后实施暴力的后果。拟议的研究将 系统地审查儿童和青春期暴力暴露的时间和模式以及 不同类型的暴力可能影响心理健康发展轨迹的机制， 使用药物和实施暴力。我们建议分析来自以下纵向研究的数据 虐待和忽视儿童(LONGSCAN；N=1354)，以表征受害和暴露经历 (统称为暴力暴露)从出生到18岁以及短期和长期后果。 该项目的具体目标是：(1)描述暴力暴露的发展模式 从出生到18岁的高危儿童样本，(2)确定暴力的短期和长期影响 关于心理健康问题和青少年暴力行为的曝光；以及(3)审查中介影响 关于暴力暴露的轨迹和结果。这项提议充分利用了现有的大规模、 纵向数据集，包含有关感兴趣区域的前所未有的详细信息，包括重复的、多信息者 对受害和暴力暴露经历的评估、心理健康的多点评估和 参与实施暴力。我们预计，这项研究将推进以下优先事项 NICHD，以更好地了解暴力暴露在整个发展中的演变和影响，并帮助 将研究成果转化为有效的预防和干预措施。

Project Summary Violence exposure among children and adolescents is a major public health concern associated with significant short and long-term consequences in all domains of functioning including academic, social, physical, and psychological. Although researchers often refer to the complex and heterogeneous experiences of those exposed to violence, most studies focus on exposure at a single-time points and in narrowly defined contexts. As a result, we have scant information about (1) the nature, timing, and co-occurrence of violence exposure types, (2) how developmental transitions and different contexts influence patterns or profiles of exposure, and (3) whether different patterns of exposure and the timing of exposure differentially predict trajectories of outcomes such as mental health and subsequent perpetration of violence. The proposed study will systematically examine the timing and patterning of violence exposure in childhood and adolescence and the mechanisms by which different types of violence may influence developmental trajectories of mental health, substance use, and the perpetration of violence. We propose to analyze data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN; N=1354) to characterize victimization and exposure experiences (collectively referred to as violence exposure) from birth to age 18 and the short and long-term consequences. The specific aims of the project are to (1) describe the developmental patterns of violence exposure in a sample of high-risk children from birth to age 18, (2) identify the short and long-term effects of violence exposure on mental health problems, and youth perpetration of violence and (3) examine mediating influences on violence exposure trajectories and outcomes. This proposal capitalizes on an existing, large-scale, longitudinal dataset with unprecedented detail on the areas of interest including repeated, multi-informant assessments of victimization and violence exposure experiences, multi-point assessment of mental health and engagement in the perpetration of violence. We anticipate that this research will advance the priorities of NICHD to better understand the evolution and impact of violence exposure across development, and help to inform the translation of research into effective prevention and intervention efforts.