Comparative effectiveness of social physical play and traditional exercise programming

不到十分之一的美国中年人获得了推荐的有氧运动量（PA）， 大大增加了他们患心脏病和中风的几率。有超过5000万成年人健身 中心的会员资格，每月只使用一次，在加入新的计划后，人们很快就停止了 来了虽然已经提到了PA的许多障碍（例如，时间，成本），我们认为，一个关键，可修改的， 一个被低估的障碍是大多数成年人根本不喜欢经常进行体育活动。 研究一致表明，更喜欢体育活动的人更有可能更活跃， 未来尽管有这样一致的观察结果，我们并不知道有研究会问“成年私人助理 计划旨在最大限度地享受增加PA坚持和健身？"。2015年，我们的团队开始着手 为成年人设计一个最大限度享受的锻炼计划。从Pickleball获得灵感， 在改良网球比赛中，我们的团队创造了PlayFit。PlayFit是一项成年人参加的锻炼计划 每周三次一起进行一系列运动，全部修改为1）减少努力（例如，小游戏 2）减少伤害（例如，轻质低压球）和3）降低竞争性（例如，团队 随机选择，尽量减少身体接触，不记分）。2016年夏季试点工作， 成年人确定了五种改良运动，它们的MET水平都在5.5到6.5之间，满意度得分都很高 （平均8.0分，满分10分）更重要的是，这些评论表明，我们已经创造了一个社会， 经验：“这是这么多的乐趣”，“我从来没有这么多的乐趣踢足球”。人们喜欢“笑声 在比赛中”，“没有压力，没有竞争力”，“这不是关于能力，这只是为了玩得开心” 人”。在这项研究中，我们建议测试是否PlayFit导致更大的健身收益，相比组 健身，以帮助提供者和健身中心工作人员理解的方式帮助提供者理解：“什么是健身？ 我应该推荐什么锻炼计划来促进长期坚持和健身吗？”所有受试者将 预计每周锻炼三次，每次60分钟，持续12个月。我们将随机分配280名成年人， 两个条件：1）团体健身活动和2）PlayFit。我们假设PlayFit和Group Fitness 在6个月时会显著增加V02max，但在12个月后，通过更大的享受和更高的 坚持，随机分配到PlayFit的参与者在12个月时的健身和活动收益将大于 团体健身。这项研究的结果有可能帮助患者，提供者和健身中心 通过回答这个问题：“什么锻炼计划应该推荐给久坐的成年人， 以促进长期坚持和健身？"

Fewer than 1 in 10 middle-aged US adults get the recommended amount of aerobic physical activity (PA), greatly increasing their chances of heart disease and stroke. There are over 50 million adults with fitness center memberships, which are used only once per month and, after joining new programs, people quickly stop coming. While many barriers to PA have been cited (e.g., time, cost), we believe that a key, modifiable, and underappreciated barrier is that most adults simply do not enjoy physical activity enough to do it regularly. Studies consistently observe that people who enjoy physical activity more are more likely to be more active in the future. Despite this consistent observation, we are not aware of studies that ask “Would an adult PA program designed to maximize enjoyment increase PA adherence and fitness?”. In 2015, our team set out to design an exercise program for adults that maximized enjoyment. Taking inspiration from Pickleball, a popular game of modified tennis, our team created PlayFit. PlayFit is an exercise program in which adults come together three times each week to play a range of sports, all modified to 1) reduce effort (e.g., smaller playing area), 2) reduce injuries (e.g., lightweight low-pressure balls) and 3) reduce competitiveness (e.g., teams chosen randomly, minimize physical contact, no keeping score). Pilot work in the summer of 2016 with 22 adults identified five modified sports that all had MET levels between 5.5 and 6.5 and high satisfaction scores (average of 8.0 out of 10). More importantly, the comments suggest that we have created a social, enjoyable experience: “that was SO much fun”, “I’ve never had so much fun playing soccer”. People liked “the laughter during the games”, “no pressure, not competitive” and that “it’s not about ability, it’s just about having fun with people”. In this study, we propose testing whether PlayFit leads to greater fitness gains, compared to group fitness, to help providers understand in a way that helps providers and fitness center staff understand: “What exercise program should I recommend to promote long-term adherence and fitness?”. All subjects will be expected to exercise three-times weekly for 60 minutes for 12 months. We will randomly assign 280 adults to two conditions: 1) Group Fitness activities and 2) PlayFit. We hypothesize that both PlayFit and Group Fitness will increase V02max significantly at 6 months but, after 12 months, mediated by greater enjoyment and higher adherence, participants randomized to PlayFit will have greater fitness and activity gains at 12 months than Group Fitness. The results of this study have the potential to help patients, providers and fitness center directors by answering the question: “What exercise program should be recommended to sedentary adults in order to promote long-term adherence and fitness?"