A Wireless micro-ECoG Prosthesis for Speech

项目摘要/摘要 患有衰弱神经肌肉疾病的患者(例如肌萎缩侧索硬化症-ALS，锁定- -综合征-LIS和肌营养不良症/肌病)有沟通困难或无法通过 言论导致生活质量的有害损失。目前的技术使用眼球运动和 来自脑电(EEG)的信号/拼写缓慢且不一致。神经假体提供了一种 为患有神经肌肉疾病的患者提供快速、准确的交流机会， 但由于技术的限制，恢复语言的成功一直是有限的：无法捕获 大脑的高维度，以及无法在自然条件下使用完全植入的记录， 无线电极阵列。为了解决这些挑战，我们开发和优化了定制无线微 拥有1,000多个通道的皮层脑电图仪(µECoG)阵列可直接从人脑中解码语音。 我们将通过1)测试和优化µECoG的空间分辨率来捕获神经信号来实现这一点， 2)微调我们的机器学习算法，以直接从大脑解码语音；3)开发无线 能够在自然主义环境中使用神经假体的技术。高密度、高通道数神经 接口将提供前所未有的从人脑解码语音的能力。这一能力与 无线技术，将使新一代语音神经假体成为可能。

Project Summary / Abstract Patients who suffer from debilitating neuromuscular disorders (e.g. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – ALS, Locked- in-Syndrome – LIS, and muscular dystrophies/myopathies) have difficulty or an inability to communicate through speech leading to a detrimental loss in quality of life. Current technology using eye movements and signals/spellers from electroencephalography (EEG) are slow and inconsistent. Neural prostheses offer an opportunity to produce fast and accurate communication for patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders, but success for regaining speech has been limited due to technological limitations: there is an inability to capture the high dimensionality of the brain and an inability to record in naturalistic conditions using fully implanted, wireless electrode arrays. To solve these challenges, we develop and optimize custom wireless micro- electrocorticographic (µECoG) arrays with over 1,000 channels to decode speech directly from the human brain. We will accomplish this by 1) Testing and optimizing the spatial resolution of µECoG to capture neural signals, 2) Fine-tune our machine learning algorithms to decode speech directly from the brain and 3) developing wireless technology to enable neural prosthetic usage in naturalistic settings. High-density, high channel-count neural interfaces will offer an unprecedented ability to decode speech from the human brain. This ability combined with wireless technology, will allow for a new generation of speech neural prostheses.