Processes underlying immature auditory perception during adolescence

项目总结/摘要 听力和倾听对于青少年如何沟通，学习新信息， 与技术和文化接触;然而，听觉感知任务的表现 需要很长时间才能成熟。因为很少有关于听觉感知的研究 在典型发育的青少年中，对这一机制知之甚少。 不成熟缺乏对延长成熟期的基本过程的了解， 听力和听力能力在典型的听众可能会导致困难的诊断听觉 处理障碍和其他交流障碍，从而影响公共卫生。很长的- 本课题的长期目标是阐明听觉发育的机制， 青春期的感知目前的目标是评估听觉的程度， 刺激编码和各种认知过程有助于不成熟的听觉感知 在青春期。中心假设是听觉和言语上的不成熟表现 在青春期的知觉任务可以归因于两个成熟的变化，时间 编码和发展的改善，在特定的认知过程所需的 每个任务。这一假设将通过追求两个具体目标来检验：（1）评估 听觉时间加工和认知功能对未成熟幼稚儿童的影响 在青春期基本听觉任务的表现。(2)评估听觉的贡献 时间加工和认知功能对言语知觉任务的影响 在青春期。这些目标将通过感知测试， 瞳孔测量和眨眼率，以指示在主动倾听、听觉 诱发电位在无人注意刺激期间指示时间和频谱编码 介绍，以及标准化的神经心理学和语言测试，以评估过程 与已知的成熟课程。该项目将产生实验协议， 适用于开发有关青少年听觉处理的诊断测试 和年轻人。它还可以为未来的治疗提供信息，旨在支持或改善 青少年和年轻人在交流中的听觉感知过程 紊乱

Project Summary/Abstract Hearing and listening are critical to how adolescents communicate, learn new information, and engage with technology and culture; however, performance on auditory perceptual tasks takes a long time to become mature. Because few studies of auditory perception have centered on typically-developing adolescents, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this immaturity. The lack of knowledge of the processes underlying the prolonged maturation of hearing and listening abilities in typical listeners can lead to difficulties in the diagnosis of auditory processing disorders and other communication disorders, thus affecting public health. The long- term goal of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the development of auditory perception during adolescence. The present objective is to evaluate the extent to which auditory stimulus encoding and various cognitive processes contribute to immature auditory perception during adolescence. The central hypothesis is that immature performance on auditory and speech perception tasks during adolescence can be attributed to both maturational changes in temporal encoding and to developmental improvements in the specific cognitive processes required by each task. This hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims: (1) Evaluate the contribution of auditory temporal processing and cognitive functions to immature naïve performance on basic auditory tasks during adolescence. (2) Evaluate the contribution of auditory temporal processing and cognitive functions to naïve performance on speech perception tasks during adolescence. These aims will be addressed using a combination of perceptual testing, pupillometry and blink-rate to index cognitive processes engaged during active listening, auditory evoked potentials to index temporal and spectral encoding during unattended stimulus presentations, and standardized neuropsychological and language tests to evaluate processes with known maturational courses. This project will yield experimental protocols that will be applicable for the development of diagnostic tests regarding auditory processing in adolescents and young adults. It also could inform future therapies that aim to support or improve the processes underlying auditory perception in adolescents and young adults with communication disorders.