Anti-oxidant and Metabolic Phenotype in Regulating Tumor Specific T cell Memory Response

摘要 改进过继细胞治疗(ACT)方案的新策略现已出现，以增强体内 过继转移肿瘤表位特异性T细胞的持久性及克服肿瘤诱导 免疫抑制。我们的初步数据表明，长寿的人与 中枢记忆T细胞及其抗氧化能力。关键基因硫氧还蛋白-1(Trx)的过表达 调节细胞表面硫醇(c-SH)的分子，导致从以下来源获得的T细胞中医表型增加 TCR转基因小鼠与TRX转基因小鼠杂交，或将人类T细胞与逆转录病毒杂交 与TCR和TrX一起向外传播。此外，对PMEL和PMEL-TRX细胞内代谢物的定量 研究表明，戊糖-磷酸途径(PPP)和三羧酸循环(TCA)的代谢产物 中间α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)在PMEL-Trx T细胞中显著高于PMEL 细胞。虽然PPP产生的还原中间体对克服氧化应激很重要，但最近 已有报道表明，α-KG在延长细胞寿命和调节细胞的多能性方面具有重要作用。 干细胞。这些初步的观察结果使我们提出了这样的假设：“Trx的存在会导致肿瘤 反应性T细胞对c-SHHI表型的反应，这种表型不仅表现出增强的抗氧化表型，而且调节 包括翻译后修饰和表观遗传稳定性在内的一系列事件导致 适合新陈代谢的抗肿瘤T细胞。我们提出以下具体目标：1)确定 T细胞表面硫醇/硫氧还蛋白调节体内肿瘤反应性Tcm/Tscm细胞的产生 确定T细胞中代谢途径和代谢物的变化如何调节 体内肿瘤反应性中药/薄层扫描显微镜，3)确定还原的硫醇和/或代谢物的调节是否导致 肿瘤反应性TCR转导的具有功能记忆表型的人T细胞的制备我们相信 我们的研究是创新的，并将揭示在生成 用于ACT的肿瘤特异性中医/TSCM细胞。

ABSTRACT New strategies to improve adoptive cell therapy (ACT) protocols are now emerging to enhance in vivo persistence of adoptively transferred tumor epitope specific T cells and overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression. Our preliminary data suggests that there is a direct correlation between the long-lived central memory T cells (Tcm) and its anti-oxidant capacity. Overexpression of thioredoxin-1 (Trx), a key molecule that regulates cell-surface thiols (c-SH), resulted in increased Tcm phenotype in T cells obtained from TCR transgenic mouse crossbred with Trx transgenic mouse, or engineering human T cells with retroviral vector with TCR and Trx together. Further, a quantification of the metabolites within Pmel vs. Pmel-Trx cells showed that metabolites from pentose-phosphate pathway (PPP) and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) were significantly higher in Pmel-Trx T cells as compared to Pmel cells. While reductive intermediates generated by PPP are important to overcome oxidative stress, recent reports have shown that α-KG is important in extending the cellular lifespan and regulating pluripotency of stem cells. These preliminary observations lead us to hypothesize that “the presence of Trx drives tumor reactive T cells to a c-SHhi phenotype, which not only exhibits enhanced anti-oxidant phenotype, but regulates a combination of events including post-translational modifications, and epigenetic stability that lead to metabolically fit anti-tumor T cells”. We propose the following specific aims: 1) To determine how the level of thiol/thioredoxin on the surface of T cells regulates the generation of tumor reactive Tcm/Tscm cells in vivo, 2) To determine how changes in the metabolic pathways and metabolites in T cells regulate the generation of tumor reactive Tcm/Tscm in vivo, 3) To determine if modulation of reduced thiols and/or metabolites results in generation of tumor reactive TCR transduced human T cells with functional memory phenotype. We believe that our studies are innovative and will uncover important aspects that need to be considered when generating tumor specific Tcm/Tscm cells for ACT.