Predicting and Preventing High-Risk Adolescent Behavior

项目摘要 危险性行为（RSB）不一致的避孕套使用，多个伴侣，性行为时使用酒精或 药物）增加了性传播感染（STI）和意外怀孕的机会。女孩 不成比例地受到影响;在美国，每年有四分之一的性活跃的15-19岁女性 估计有性传播感染和15%的经验意外怀孕。了解这些机制， 将一些女孩置于从事RSB的更大风险中对于减少性传播感染的公共卫生负担至关重要， 少女怀孕奖励处理和母亲养育方式可以预测青春期女孩的RSB，但它们是如何预测的呢？ 互动是未知的。母亲抑郁史也可能通过其负面影响预测青少年RSB 关于为人父母阐明神经风险因素和家庭背景过程之间的相互作用可能导致 创新的、个性化的预防性干预措施，在RSB模式根深蒂固之前破坏它们。 在当前的F32申请中，候选人寻求在尚未注册的情况下解决以下目标， 12-16岁少女及其母亲的子样本（n = 80），作为正在进行的研究的一部分招募 重度抑郁症（MDD）（K23 MH 113793）的代际传递。一半的母亲 （n = 40）将有复发性MDD病史，一半将没有精神病理学病史（n = 40）。的 一位候选人建议利用从脑电图中提取的具有成本效益的事件相关电位（ERP） (EEG)，以确定是否更大的神经奖励反应预测女孩的RSB超过18个月（AIM 1）。 候选人还将描述母亲养育是否会调节影响（AIM 2）。高风险的设计 样本将确保父母和青少年RSB有足够的变异性。候选人寻求建立在 她在发展心理病理学和生物社会互动方面的强大背景， 新的培训：1）青少年健康风险行为和心理健康; 2）发展情感 神经科学和EEG/ERP方法学; 3）先进的纵向统计学。培训将在 伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校的杰出和独特的跨学科环境。她将联合训练 在新成立的传播和实施科学中心和在新闻部， 精神病学有着深厚的情感神经科学研究传统。候选人的导师博士。 Donenberg，Burkhouse，Shankman，Bhaumik在青少年健康风险行为和心理方面具有专业知识 健康，发展情感神经科学方法（例如，EEG/ERP）、纵向高风险设计，以及 先进的纵向分析拟议的研究将为未来项目的设计提供信息， 神经和家庭风险机制可以在个性化的艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险降低中协同作用 程序.完成学习和培训目标将允许候选人建立一个独立的计划 研究的重点是改善生活在高风险环境中的青年的健康和行为结果。

Project Abstract Risky sexual behavior (RSB) (i.e., inconsistent condom use, multiple partners, sex while using alcohol or drugs) increases chances of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and unintended pregnancy. Girls are disproportionately affected; each year one in four sexually active 15-19 year-old females in the U.S. are estimated to have an STI and 15% experience unintended pregnancies. Understanding the mechanisms that place some girls at greater risk for engaging in RSB is crucial for reducing the public health burden of STIs and teenage pregnancy. Reward processing and maternal parenting predict adolescent girls' RSB, but how they interact is unknown. Maternal history of depression also predicts adolescent RSB, likely via its negative impact on parenting. Elucidating interactions between neural risk factors and family contextual processes could lead to innovative, personalized preventative interventions that disrupt patterns of RSB before they become engrained. In the current F32 application, the candidate seeks to address the following aims in a yet to be enrolled, subsample (n = 80) of 12-16 year-old adolescents girls and their mothers, recruited as part of an ongoing study of the intergenerational transmission of major depressive disorder (MDD) (K23MH113793). Half of the mothers (n = 40) will have histories of recurrent MDD and half will have no history of psychopathology (n = 40). The candidate proposes to utilize cost-efficient event-related potentials (ERP), derived from electroencephalogram (EEG), to identify whether greater neural reward responsiveness predicts girls' RSB over 18 months (AIM 1). The candidate will also delineate if maternal parenting moderates effects (AIM 2). The high-risk design of the sample will ensure adequate variability in parenting and adolescent RSB. The candidate seeks to build upon her strong background in developmental psychopathology and biosocial interactions in childhood by gaining new training in: 1) adolescent health-risk behaviors and mental health; 2) developmental affective neuroscience and EEG/ERP methodology; and 3) advanced longitudinal statistics. Training will occur in an outstanding and unique interdisciplinary environment at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She will jointly train in the newly established Center for Dissemination and Implementation Science and in the Department of Psychiatry, which has a strong tradition of affective neuroscience research. The candidate's mentors Drs. Donenberg, Burkhouse, Shankman, Bhaumik have expertise in adolescent health risk behaviors and mental health, developmental affective neuroscience methods (e.g., EEG/ERP), longitudinal high-risk designs, and advanced longitudinal analysis. The proposed study will inform the design of future projects examining whether neural and family mechanisms of risk can be synergistically targeted within personalized HIV/STI risk reduction programs. Accomplishing the study and training goals will allow the candidate to build an independent program of research focused on improving health and behavior outcomes for youth living in high-risk environments.