Examination of naturally occurring marijuana-specific self-regulation processes among young adult frequent marijuana users in a community sample using an ecological momentary assessment design

项目总结/摘要 大麻（MJ）的使用在年轻人（YAs）中很普遍，并且保持稳定或略有增加 （Schulenberg等人，2019年），而MJ使用障碍则大幅增加（Hasin等人，2015）。MJ的使用 与包括机动车事故在内的后果有关（Wenchow et al.，2014）。自我调节 过程是物质使用行为的核心。一些青年人可能打算在某些日子减少使用 但几乎从来没有设法这样做，而其他YA可能打算减少其使用， 成功在何种情况下，青年人可以限制他们的大麻使用或后果，以应对 对心理状态和背景因素的变化还没有很好的理解。本申请解决了这一问题 通过阐明在何种程度上，雅从事MJ具体的自我调节过程中，在他们的日常差距 行为和他们的自然环境，并将确定心理和上下文相关的因素， MJ特异性自我调节的变化在不同的日子和整个一天。该项目将招募一名 社区样本为18-29岁的YAs（N = 200），他们定期使用MJ（过去15天或更长时间 月）。YAs可能会以各种方式调节或限制他们的MJ使用或后果，例如使用较小的 在给定的一天，以尽量减少与其他责任的干扰。因此，自律是 最好将其视为一个动态过程，该过程在不同的日子和一天中都是变化的。心理（例如， 渴望、焦虑、抑郁）和背景（例如，酒精和烟草使用）因素可能部分解释了何时 YAs或多或少可能会限制他们的MJ使用或后果。渴望和社交焦虑 使用日常调查设计在大学生中使用MJ（Buckner等人，2012 a，2012 b;菲利普斯等人， 2015年）。在YAs中使用MJ和/或后果也与抑郁症状有关， 焦虑，尽管在女性中相关性可能更明显（Buckner等人2007; Wright等人， 2016）。该项目采用严格的生态瞬时评估（EMA）设计，其中YAs报告 他们的行为和相关的心理和环境因素，连续两周每天4x（56个网络， 根据调查每人）。目的是：（1）研究MJ特异性自我之间的复杂关联， 监管过程和MJ的使用/后果，包括跨天和全天;（2）检查 心理状态之间的复杂关联（例如，渴望，焦虑）和背景因素（例如，醇 和烟草使用）与MJ特异性自我调节和使用比预期更多的MJ有关;以及（3）评估 人与人之间和日常级别的主持人，以确定谁和何时关联可能更强。 所获得的知识可以为当前的自我调节理论提供信息，用于现有的干预措施， 支持积极的改变或讨论限制MJ使用的常见障碍，并习惯于 制定有针对性的干预策略，增强青少年自我调节MJ使用的愿望。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Marijuana (MJ) use is prevalent among young adults (YAs) and has remained stable or slightly increased (Schulenberg et al., 2019), while MJ use disorders have risen considerably (Hasin et al., 2015). MJ use has been linked to consequences, including motor vehicle accidents (Volkow et al., 2014). Self-regulation processes are central to substance use behaviors. Some YAs may intend to reduce their use on certain days but almost never manage to do so, while other YAs may intend to reduce their use and are generally successful. The circumstances under which YAs may limit their marijuana use or consequences in response to changes in psychological states and contextual factors is not well understood. This application addresses this gap by elucidating the extent to which YAs engage in MJ-specific self-regulation processes in their everyday behavior and their natural environment and will identify psychological and contextual factors associated with variability in MJ-specific self-regulation both across days and throughout the day. This project will recruit a community sample of YAs ages 18-29 years (N = 200), who use MJ regularly (15 or more days in the past month). YAs may regulate or limit their MJ use or consequences in a variety of ways, such as using smaller quantities on a given day to minimize interference with other responsibilities. Accordingly, self-regulation is best viewed as a dynamic process that varies both across days and throughout the day. Psychological (e.g., craving, anxiety, depression) and contextual (e.g., alcohol and tobacco use) factors may partly explain when YAs are more or less likely to limit their MJ use or consequences. Craving and social anxiety have been linked to MJ use among college students using daily survey designs (Buckner et al., 2012a, 2012b; Phillips et al., 2015). MJ use and/or consequences among YAs have also been associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety, although associations may be more pronounced among females (Buckner et al. 2007; Wright et al., 2016). This project uses a rigorous ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design in which YAs report on their behavior and related psychological and contextual factors 4x/day for two consecutive weeks (56 web- based surveys per person). The aims are to: (1) examine complex associations between MJ-specific self- regulation processes and MJ use/consequences both across days and throughout the day; (2) examine complex associations among psychological states (e.g., craving, anxiety) and contextual factors (e.g., alcohol and tobacco use) in relation to MJ-specific self-regulation and using more MJ than intended; and (3) evaluate between-person and daily-level moderators to determine for whom and when associations may be stronger. The knowledge gained can inform current self-regulation theories, be used in existing interventions to better support active change or discuss commonly encountered obstacles to limiting one’s MJ use, and be used to develop targeted intervention strategies that enhance YAs’ desire to self-regulate their MJ use.