Pesticide exposures, mental health and endocrine disruption among children growing up near pesticide spray sites.

农药对生活在农业社区的儿童构成公共健康风险。孩子们尤其是 容易受到杀虫剂等环境污染物的长期影响，因为它们的大小、生理 和行为。在世界范围内，使用最广泛的两类杀虫剂是胆碱酯酶抑制剂。 (有机磷)和新烟碱。虽然有机磷的一些风险是已知的，但到目前为止， 没有关于青少年神经行为或心理健康结果与空间相关的纵向研究 接触有机磷和新烟碱的模式。目前也没有已知的关于 与饮用或灌溉用水中新烟碱暴露相关的神经行为健康改变。这个 拟议的研究将利用NIEHS资助的父母对次级杀虫剂暴露的纵向研究 在儿童和青少年(西班牙)中，2008年检查了313名住在附近的儿童(4-6岁) 2016年是美洲花卉栽培密度最高的青少年之一，目前正计划 2020年进行后续检查。拟议的K01将整合生物监测、住户调查和 神经行为检查数据，并利用地理空间模型和复杂的统计技术：(1) 理清农药暴露途径，(2)研究神经行为的地理空间决定因素 表现(注意力、记忆力、语言、感觉运动和视觉空间)和结果(焦虑和 儿童和青少年因接触农药而患抑郁症，(3)检测饮用水中的农药暴露 和花卉栽培附近的灌溉源。这是NIEHS过渡到独立的应用程序 环境健康研究(TIEHR)奖颁发给乔治亚·凯瑟博士，早期职业环境 医学院家庭医学与公共卫生系健康助理教授 加州大学圣地亚哥分校。Kayser博士的目标是将自己确立为独立的环境保护者 儿童和青少年农药暴露领域的健康调查员 神经行为结果，并扩大她的水和健康研究，将饮用水和 灌溉用水。该奖项将为凯瑟博士提供支持，以实现她的职业发展目标：(1) 发展生物统计学和地理空间分析方面的高级方法技能；(2)加强培训 儿童发展和神经行为评估的解释和分析；(3)掌握以下技能 农药暴露数据和神经行为结果的时空分析，(4)确定 减少农业地区儿童接触农药的干预和预防；(5)收获 独立。这里概述的研究和培训活动将产生新的研究，为设计提供信息 将在R01中对干预措施进行评估，申请将在本奖项的第三年完成。 该奖项还将在美国(USCD)和厄瓜多尔(USFQ)之间建立一个强大的研究网络。

Pesticides pose a public health risk to children living in agricultural communities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the chronic effects of environmental contaminants such as insecticides, due to their size, physiology and behavior. Worldwide, the two most widely used classes of insecticides are cholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphates) and neonicotinoids. While some of the risks of organophosphates are known, to date, there are no longitudinal studies of neurobehavioral or mental health outcomes in adolescents related to spatial patterns of exposure to organophosphates and neonicotinoids. There is also no known research on the associated neurobehavioral health alterations from neonicotinoid exposures in drinking or irrigation water. The proposed study will leverage the parent, NIEHS-funded, longitudinal study of Secondary Pesticide Exposures among Children and Adolescents (ESPINA), that examined 313 children (4-6 years old) in 2008, who live near one of the highest concentrations of floriculture in the Americas, 535 adolescents in 2016, and is planning for a subsequent examination in 2020. The proposed K01 will integrate biological monitoring, household survey, and neurobehavioral examination data and utilize geospatial models and complex statistical techniques to: (1) disentangle pathways of pesticide exposure, (2) study the geospatial determinants of neurobehavioral performance (attention, memory, language, sensorimotor and visuospatial) and outcomes (anxiety and depression) in children and adolescents from pesticide exposure, (3) test pesticide exposure in drinking water and irrigation sources in proximity to floriculture. This is an application for a NIEHS Transition to Independent Environmental Health Research (TIEHR) Career Award for Dr. Georgia Kayser, an early career Environmental Health Assistant Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health in the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Diego. Dr. Kayser aims to establish herself as an independent environmental health investigator in the areas of pesticide exposure in children and adolescents and associated neurobehavioral outcomes and expand her water and health research to include pesticides in drinking and irrigation water. The award will provide Dr. Kayser with the support to achieve her career development goals: (1) to develop advanced methodological skills in biostatistics and geospatial analysis; (2) to advance training on child development and the interpretation and analysis of neurobehavioral assessment; (3) to acquire skills in spatiotemporal analysis of pesticide exposure data and neurobehavioral outcomes, (4) identify points of intervention and prevention to reduce pesticide exposure in children living in agricultural areas, (5) gain independence. The research and training activities outlined here will generate new research to inform the design of an intervention to be evaluated in an R01, and the application will be completed in year three of this award. This award will also build a strong research network between the United States (USCD) and Ecuador (USFQ).