Sensory Adapted Dental Environments to Enhance Oral Care for Children

摘要 这项研究是一项随机临床试验，调查感官适应的疗效。 牙科环境(SADE)与常规牙科环境(RDE)相比 减少生理性焦虑、痛苦行为、疼痛感觉和不适 在自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的牙科清洁中。《沙皇》 程序修改视觉、听觉和触觉刺激的程度和类型 儿童在清洁牙齿的过程中体验。在这个跨界设计中，Sade将是 与来访4-6个月的ASD儿童组的RDE相比 分开。结果变量是通过皮肤电刺激测量的生理性焦虑。 活动(EDA)和儿童负面反应(痛苦行为、疼痛感知、 儿童在清洁牙齿时表现出的感觉不适)。分析将 包括重复测量ANCOVA模型，以检查内部的差异- ASD组中的群体因素(环境)。参赛者将来自220个不同种族 6-12岁的自闭症儿童。所有儿童都将是南加州居民。 参与者将主要从洛杉矶儿童医院(牙科)招募 临床，大学发育障碍卓越中心，Boone Fetter 诊所、AltaMed综合儿科服务)和洛杉矶联合学区 (LAU.S.)，所以这项研究中的样本可能会过度代表低收入 口腔健康状况不佳的高风险西班牙裔/拉丁裔家庭。与ASD一致 根据流行率统计，我们预计中国男女比例约为4：1。 样本。

ABSTRACT This study is a randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy of a sensory adapted dental environment (SADE) compared to a regular dental environment (RDE) to decrease physiological anxiety, distress behavior, perception of pain, and discomfort during a dental cleaning in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The SADE procedure modifies the degree and type of visual, auditory, and tactile stimulation that children experience during dental cleanings. In this crossover design, the SADE will be compared to a RDE in a group of children with ASD with visits occurring four-six months apart. The outcome variables are physiological anxiety as measured by electrodermal activity (EDA) and child negative responses (distress behavior, perception of pain, sensory discomfort) exhibited by the child during dental cleaning visits. Analyses will include repeated measures ANCOVA models to examine the differences in the within- group factor (environment) in the ASD groups. Participants will be 220 ethnically diverse children with ASD aged 6-12 years. All children will be Southern California residents. Participants will be recruited primarily from Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (Dental Clinic, University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, Boone Fetter Clinic, AltaMed General Pediatrics Service) and the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD), so the sample in this study will likely over-represent low income Hispanic/Latino families who are at high risk for poor oral health. Consistent with ASD prevalence statistics, we anticipate a ratio of approximately four boys for every girl in the sample.