Adhesion Screening of Dental Implant Materials Using Laser-Driven Acoustic Waves

摘要 口腔内植入物和器械上的细菌积聚使患者面临严重的感染风险。 根除已建立的生物膜形成感染仍然很困难，部分原因是积累的细菌 在生理学和代谢上与同一生物体的代谢细胞不同。尽管激烈 尽管在本领域中进行了大量的努力，但是生物膜水平对处理和环境变化的响应受到以下因素的阻碍： 缺乏稳健、定量和准确的生物膜表征技术，这些技术可以直接与 植入物表面。准确的生物膜粘附测量技术是必要的， 粘附有助于生物膜在医疗装置表面上的持久性。为了更准确地评估 生物膜粘附的特点和对种植体感染的贡献， 必须发展一种评价低粘结强度-高粘结强度的测试技术 生物膜-基质界面 拟议的调查是为了克服目前的限制，在生物膜粘附测量 利用激光诱导声波的技术。我们最近发现了一种新技术 来自脉冲激光的应力波能够将生物膜从表面分离。这一发现尤其 这对于具有低内聚强度的生物膜是重要的，因为现有的测量技术在 然而，我们新发现的技术非常适合表征这些类型的生物膜。 控制从脉冲激光器产生的应力波的振幅使得能够直接比较应力波的振幅。 生物膜分离所需的应力。我们将评估和优化激光散射技术， 生物膜粘附强度测量，评价由于表面处理引起的粘附变化（例如， 粗糙度、聚合物涂层）。成功完成这项研究的结果在新的工具，定量 生物膜-表面界面的粘附测量。这项技术的实施将使理性 选择植入材料以减少生物膜粘附并改善临床结果。

ABSTRACT Bacteria accumulation on implants and devices within the oral cavity puts a patient at serious risk for infection. Eradication of established biofilm-forming infections remains difficult, in part because the accumulated bacteria are physiologically and metabolically distinct from the planktonic cells of the same organism. Despite intense efforts in the field, biofilm level response to treatments and changes in environment has been hindered by the lack of robust, quantitative, and accurate biofilm characterization techniques that can be directly correlated to implant surfaces. Accurate biofilm adhesion measurement techniques are necessary because strong biofilm adhesion contributes to biofilm persistence on medical device surfaces. In order to more accurately assess the characteristics and contribution of biofilm adhesion on implant infections, an appropriate film adhesion measurement technique must be developed for evaluation of low cohesive strength-high adhesive strength biofilm-substrate interfaces. The proposed investigation is designed to overcome current limitations in biofilm adhesion measurement techniques by harnessing laser-induced acoustic waves. We recently discovered a new technique that generates stress waves from a pulsed laser is capable of separating a biofilm from a surface. This discovery is especially important for biofilms with low cohesive strengths because existing measurement techniques perform poorly on these biofilms, whereas, our newly discovered technique is well-suited for characterizing these types of biofilms. Controlling the amplitude of the generated stress waves from a pulsed laser enables a direct comparison of the stress required for biofilm detachment. We will assess and optimize the laser spallation technique for quantitative biofilm adhesion strength measurement, evaluate changes in adhesion due to surface treatments (e.g., roughness, polymer coating). Successful completion of this research results in new tools for quantitative adhesion measurement of biofilm-surface interfaces. Implementation of this technology will enable rational selection of implant materials for reduced biofilm adhesion and improved clinical outcomes.