Wastewater Detection of COVID-19

当面临SARS冠状病毒-2(SAR-CoV-2)等大流行时， 需要及时进行风险评估和采取行动，以防止对整个社区的公共卫生影响。 因为感染者可能无法进行检测，或者可能没有症状，而感染可能 意味着死亡，需要采取积极主动的方法来检测病毒，以制定公共卫生战略，以减轻 病毒传播。最近的研究在污水中检测到SAR-CoV-2遗传物质，并证明了一种 病毒标志物浓度与报告病例呈正相关1-5。冠状病毒 污水处理设施监测项目(CSSP)是一项合作项目，旨在监测污水处理设施的遗传指标 新冠肺炎在废水中提供有关病毒传播的额外、人群级别的信息，而不是 通过临床测试捕获。未经处理的废水(进水)样本每周从SELECT 排污棚和有针对性的微型排污棚，用于检测和“真正”流行。集合设施提供 独特的学习机会，因为他们是受控制的人群，他们的确切数量和时间 感染是可以定义的。我们的团队将利用对集合设施的详细监控来定义准确的 每个患者对废水中SARS-COV-2RNA的贡献和寿命：1)增加 测试设施，2)改变采集样本的频率，3)比较污水处理数据 收集到临床患者的病例资料。 尽管不同社区对SARS-COV-2的贡献/患者有所不同，但也有明显的离群值 在废水中产生很少或根本没有遗传物质的群落，尽管存在已知的 疫情爆发。这种信号丢失的原因尚不清楚，因此我们的团队将确定导致SARS的因素- 通过1)定义遗传物质的物理性质来抑制废水中的CoV-2信号 排污以更好地了解可能抑制信号的因素的类型，2)在 信号受抑制的排污棚以及具有类似人口和工业的额外设施 人口统计为那些具有抑制信号以缩小信号源抑制的人，3)执行 详尽的化学特性比较了来自受抑制地点的废水和来自 不识别可能导致抑制的候选化合物，以及4)获得或生成 候选抑制剂并测试它们抑制来自病毒遗传物质信号的能力 实验环境。

When faced with a pandemic such as SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SAR-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19, timely risk assessment and action are required to prevent public health impacts to entire communities. Because infected individuals may not have access to testing or may be asymptomatic and contraction can mean death, a proactive approach to detect the virus is needed to develop public health strategy to mitigate virus spread. Recent studies have detected SAR-CoV-2 genetic material in sewage and demonstrate a positive correlation between the concentration of viral markers and reported cases1-5. The Coronavirus Sewershed Surveillance Project (CSSP) is a collaborative effort to monitor sewersheds for genetic indicators of COVID-19 in wastewater to provide additional, population-level information about virus circulation that is not captured by clinical testing. Untreated wastewater (influent) samples are screened weekly from select sewersheds and targeted micro-sewersheds for detection and “true” prevalence. Congregate facilities provide unique opportunities for study because they are controlled populations where the precise number and timing of infections can be defined. Our team will utilize detailed monitoring of congregate facilities to define the precise per patient contribution and longevity of SARS-COV-2 RNA to wastewater by 1) increasing the number of facilities tested, 2) altering the frequency at which samples are collected, and 3) comparing sewershed data collected to clinical patient case data. Although SARS-COV-2 contribution/patient varies among communities, there have been clear outlier communities that produce little or no genetic material in the wastewater despite the presence of known outbreaks. The reason for this lost signal is not known, so our team will define factors that contribute to SARS- COV-2 signal suppression in wastewater by 1) defining the physical nature of the genetic material in the sewershed to better understand the types of factors that could suppress signal, 2) expanding testing within sewersheds with suppressed signal as well as from additional facilities with similar population and industry demographics as those with suppressed signal to narrow the sources of signal suppression, 3) performing exhaustive chemical characterization comparing wastewater from locations that are suppressed to those that are not to identify candidate compounds that could be causing suppression, and 4) obtaining or generating candidate inhibitors and test their ability to suppress signal from viral genetic material in a controlled experimental setting.