Developing a Quantitative Assessment Tool for Characterizing Social Domains

项目总结/摘要 社交缺陷发生在广泛的神经精神（NPD）和神经发育（NDD）障碍中 并导致不良结果和巨大的公共卫生成本。然而，缺乏足够的 通过目前的分类诊断系统对社会障碍的机制进行定性 严重阻碍了基于病因的个体化治疗的发展。完全 国家心理健康研究所提供的分类框架的维度替代 研究领域标准（RDoC）为更好地理解背后的机制提供了特别的希望。 社会赤字。更具体地说，RDoC倡议实施了一套基本的、具有生物学意义的 构成社会功能的组成部分，如果被破坏，可能会阻碍一个人驾驭社会的能力。 社会世界的复杂性。因此，这些过程可以用来更好地理解社会赤字 在NPD/NDD中看到，并告知治疗的个性化。然而，目前我们缺乏专门的 能够全面捕捉社会功能的组成部分，在临床，风险和 规范的人群，这大大阻碍了翻译和采用这一潜在的有前途的 框架.因此，该项目的总体目标是进一步扩展最近开发的基于RDoC的 社会过程量表：斯坦福大学社会维度量表（SSDS）。我们的目标是提炼、分解、验证 并为经修订的策略性污水排放计划（SSDS-2）建立以回归为基础的准则。我们亦会致力建立一个 SSDS-2的初步计算机化自适应测试（CAT）版本， 选择和管理。这些目标将通过以下方式实现：1）获得对初步项目的反馈 从规范和临床组的专家和儿童家长中收集数据库，以评估内容 项目的效度、发展适宜性和临床相关性，并指导项目的细化 （具体目标1）; 2）利用先进的心理测量方法，包括探索性结构方程 建模和项目反应理论在一个大型的在线招募临床多样化和规范性样本， 确定SSDS-2的因子结构， 基于回归的标准化变化规范，并构建初步的CAT版本（具体目标3）; 并通过一个多方法评估协议进一步验证SSDS-2， 访谈，观察和实验方法与一个transdiagnosis样本的青年与一系列 社会能力和典型的发展青年和他们的父母。另一个目标是检查关联 在SSDS-2子域与神经网络之间， 青年的跨诊断子样本（具体目标4）。这一项目将为今后的调查奠定基础 目的是：（i）将新措施扩展至不同年龄组（2-5岁和成年）;（ii）制定一个 同伴临床医师评定的结构化访谈，及（iii）测试其效用作为临床结果的措施。

Project Summary/Abstract Social deficits occur across a wide array of neuropsychiatric (NPD) and neurodevelopmental (NDD) disorders and contribute to poor outcomes and sizable public health costs. However, the lack of adequate characterization of mechanisms underpinning social impairments by the current categorical diagnostic systems has significantly stifled the development of etiologically based, individually tailored treatments. A fully dimensional alternative to the categorical frameworks offered by the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) holds particular promise for a better understanding of mechanisms behind social deficits. More specifically, the RDoC initiative operationalizes an initial set of basic, biologically meaningful components that underpin social functioning, and if disrupted, can impede one’s ability to navigate the complexities of the social world. These processes can therefore be used to better understand social deficits seen across NPD/NDD and inform personalization of treatments. However, we currently lack dedicated measures able to comprehensively capture components of social functioning across clinical, at risk and normative populations which has significantly impeded the translation and adoption of this potentially promising framework. Therefore, the overarching aim of this project is to further expand a recently developed RDoC-based social processes scale: The Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS). The goal is to refine, factorize, validate and establish regression-based norms of the updated SSDS (SSDS-2). We will also aim to construct a preliminary computerized adaptive testing (CAT) version of the SSDS-2 that will enable individually tailored item selection and administration. These objectives will be achieved by: 1) obtaining feedback on a preliminary item bank from experts and parents of children from normative and clinical groups in order to evaluate the content validity, developmental appropriateness and clinical relevance of the items and to guide the item refinement (Specific Aim 1); 2) utilizing advanced psychometric approaches including exploratory structural equation modeling and item response theory on a large online recruited clinically diverse and normative sample to establish the factor structure (Specific Aim 2); 3) confirming factor structure of the SSDS-2, establishing regression based and standardized change norms and constructing a preliminary CAT version (Specific Aim 3); and further validating the SSDS-2 through an in-person multi-method assessment protocol encompassing interview, observational and experimental methodology with a transdiagnostic sample of youth with a range of social abilities and typically developing youth and their parents. An additional goal is to examine the association between the SSDS-2 subdomains with the neural networks subserving corresponding social processes in a transdiagnostic subsample of youth (Specific Aim 4). This project will lay the foundation for future investigations aimed at: (i) extending the new measure to different age groups (2-5 years and adulthood); (ii) developing a companion clinician-rated structured interview, and (iii) testing its utility as a clinical outcome measure.