Olfactory memory acquisition consolidation and recall

项目摘要/摘要 睡眠有益于神经系统，但其恢复和神经保护的机制 属性未知。这一理解很重要：没有电路，细胞和分子 了解我们会限制我们解决疾病的能力，例如阿尔茨海默氏症，这些疾病会因 睡眠不足或根据睡眠的益处设计治疗方法。通过检查和操纵最多的 紧凑的电路需要睡眠来巩固记忆，我们希望能破译分子和细胞 睡眠增强神经网络性能的规则。简单电路使用的规则是 可能之后是电路模块内的单元，这些单元链接在一起以形成更复杂的 人脑的神经网络。 我们将利用线虫嗅觉回路的简单解剖和光学延展性来测试 旨在阐明睡眠促进记忆的规律的假说。具体地说，我们将：目标 1.测试经典线虫的嗅觉记忆巩固需要睡眠的假设 条件反射模型。我们将检查那些避免使用丁酮的动物的睡眠情况。我们会 检验这样一种假设，即睡眠与记忆的强度相关，而且睡眠既是必要的，也是必要的 足以促进记忆巩固。我们将确定睡眠后训练所需的细胞。 这些研究将为了解睡眠是否在训练后发生以及是否确实发生奠定了基础 对于促进记忆巩固来说是必要的，也是充分的。目的2.识别记忆的突触基础 在睡眠中巩固。首先，我们将通过GRAPH观察突触，然后使用光驱动工具来 在巩固期间激活或灭活动物，我们将测试记忆巩固。我们会 然后询问细胞间连接的可见标记是否改变。这些将为第一次研究提供 通过睡眠巩固记忆痕迹的活体动物的突触分辨。在完成这些任务后 目的，我们将有一个概念，分子，细胞和电路框架，以了解睡眠如何改变 细胞的功能有利于记忆存储，从而有利于行为健康。这项研究的影响是，它将 最终告知睡眠和记忆障碍的研究和治疗，并利用睡眠的好处来解决 衰老和神经退化。

Project Summary/Abstract Sleep benefits the nervous system but the mechanisms underlying its restorative and neuroprotective properties are unknown. This understanding is important: without a circuit, cellular and molecular understanding we limit our ability to address disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, that are exacerbated by lack of sleep or to devise treatments based on sleep's benefits. By examining and manipulating the most compact circuit that requires sleep to consolidate memory, we hope to decipher the molecular and cellular rules by which sleep enhances the performance of a neural network. Rules employed by a simple circuit are likely to be followed by cells within circuit modules that are linked together to form the much more complicated neural network of a human brain. We will utilize the anatomic simplicity and optical malleability of the C. elegans olfactory circuit to test hypotheses designed to elucidate the rules by which sleep acts to promote memory. Specifically, we will: Aim 1. Test the hypothesis that sleep is required for olfactory memory consolidation in a C. elegans classical conditioning model. We will examine sleep in animals that have been conditioned to avoid butanone. We will test the hypothesis that sleep is correlated with the strength of the memory and that it is both necessary and sufficient to promote memory consolidation. We will identify the cells that are required for sleep post training. These studies will lay the groundwork for understanding if sleep occurs post training and whether it is indeed necessary and sufficient to promote memory consolidation. Aim 2. Identify the synaptic basis of memory consolidation during sleep. First, we will observe the synapses via GRASP Then, using light-driven tools to activate or inactivate the animals during the consolidation period, we will test memory consolidation. We will then ask if visible markers for connections between cells are altered. These would provide the first study with synaptic resolution in a live animal of a memory trace being consolidated by sleep. Upon completion of these aims, we will have a conceptual, molecular, cellular, and circuit framework to understand how sleep alters the cell's function to benefit memory storage and thus behavioral fitness. The impact of this study is that it will ultimately inform study and treatment of disorders of sleep and memory and harness sleep's benefits to tackle aging and neurodegeneration.