Identifying barriers and facilitators of harm reduction among adult dual users of e-cigarettes and cigarettes

项目摘要/摘要 电子烟和香烟的双重使用(即双重使用)是年内成年人常见的烟草使用模式。 美国。电子烟在双重使用者中最常见的用途是减少危害(即 完全过渡到电子烟或完全戒烟)。两用可能会减轻烟草使用的负担 临时阶段，即吸烟者使用电子烟戒烟、过渡到只使用电子烟或完全戒烟 停止(即减少伤害)。然而，这在现实生活中并不总是可以翻译的。相当数量的 双重使用者仍然保持双重用途，关于电子烟作为戒烟手段的有效性，证据喜忧参半 工具。此外，双重使用者面临着不清楚了解的减少危害的障碍和促进者。 因此，我们必须了解这些障碍/促进者，以制定有效的干预措施来帮助双重用户 戒烟或减少他们的伤害。这项研究的目的是确定这些背景和个人障碍，防止双重 戒烟的人和与吸烟有关的日常诱因，并确定一些 可促进减少危害的促进者。我将招募两组不同的成年电子烟使用者 和香烟(n=50；50%女性；年龄≥21岁)1)使用生态瞬时评估(EMA) 一项纵向的受试者内研究设计，以确定14年吸烟的日常触发因素和环境 2)开展焦点小组讨论，探讨减少危害的背景障碍/促进者。 总而言之，拟议的研究将提供现实世界的证据，证明阻止成年双重使用者 使用电子烟的意图是戒烟，但不要戒烟或减少其危害。虽然我有烟草方面的专业知识 在研究方面，我缺乏在定性和EMA方法方面的正式培训。指导团队拥有杰出的 烟草制品使用、定性方法和EMA方法学的流行病学研究经验 并致力于支持奥西博贡博士的培训和专业发展。通过这个K01， 奥西博贡博士将发展技能，以实现她成为一名独立研究人员的长期目标 烟草研究方面的专业知识，这将使她能够制定并提交R01干预拨款提案 可以利用EMA和通过K01培训体验学到的其他技术来改善戒烟 在双重用户中的结果。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes (i.e., dual use) is a common tobacco use pattern among adults in the United States. The most common use for e-cigarettes among dual users is for harm reduction (i.e., the complete transition to e-cigarettes or total cessation). Dual use may reduce the burden of tobacco use if it is a temporary stage, i.e., cigarette smokers using e-cigarettes to quit, transition to e-cigarette use only, or total cessation (i.e., harm reduction). However, this does not always translate in real life. A significant number of dual users still maintain dual use, and evidence is mixed as to the effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a cessation tool. Furthermore, dual users face barriers to and facilitators of harm reduction that are not clearly understood. As such, we must understand these barriers/facilitators to develop effective interventions to help dual users quit or reduce their harm. This study aims to identify these contextual and individual barriers that prevent dual users from quitting cigarettes and the daily triggers associated with cigarette smoking and identify some facilitators that may promote harm reduction. I will recruit two separate groups of adult users of e-cigarettes and cigarettes (n= 50 each; 50% women; age ≥21years) to 1) use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in a longitudinal within-subject study design to identify daily triggers and settings of cigarettes smoking for 14 days and 2) conduct focus group discussions to explore the contextual barriers/facilitators of harm reduction. Combined, the proposed studies will give real-world evidence on the barriers that prevent adult dual users who use e-cigarettes with the intent to quit but do not quit or reduce their harm. Though I have expertise in tobacco research, I lack formal training in qualitative and EMA methodology. The mentoring team has outstanding experience in epidemiological research of tobacco product use, qualitative methods, and EMA methodology and is committed to supporting Dr. Osibogun in her training and professional development. Through this K01, Dr. Osibogun will develop the skills to achieve her long-term goal of becoming an independent researcher with expertise in tobacco research, which will position her to develop and submit a R01 intervention grant proposal that can leverage EMA and other techniques learned through the K01 training experience to improve cessation outcomes among dual users.