Biomaterial Drones for Image-Guided Drug Delivery during radiotherapy

项目摘要 本申请是为了响应特别利益通知（NOSI）而提交的， 编号为NOT-CA-22-057。NOSI的目标是刺激或加强全球癌症健康差距 research.全球癌症健康差距的主要领域之一是获得放射治疗， 治疗超过50%的癌症患者。根据最近世界卫生组织 癌症报告和柳叶刀肿瘤学委员会撒哈拉以南非洲报告，这些差异是 这对非洲人口来说尤其令人震惊，并可能成为获得放射治疗方面的差异的基础。 也见于美国的非洲裔美国人/移民人口。一种更伟大理解和 采取创新办法，减少在获得放射治疗方面的这些差距，对于解决 全球癌症负担不断增加，癌症死亡人数不均衡。具有潜力的创新方法 为显著减少在获得放射治疗方面的差距， 大分割放射治疗（HFRT）和智能放射治疗生物材料（SRB）， 在R 01补助金下开发。SRB可以用来代替目前使用的惰性催化剂。 放射治疗生物材料（基准点和信标）。初步研究表明， 当与HFRT联合使用时，可以促进局部和转移性肿瘤的杀伤。然而一个主要 科学文献中的一个空白是HFRT和放疗的采用和利用程度 非洲国家癌症中心的生物材料和目前可用的基础设施，包括人类 因此，需要与工作人员代表机构建立一个采用这种办法的基础设施。因此，在这个补充项目中，我们 将调查采用和利用循证HFRT和放射治疗的差异 与美国相比，非洲的生物材料，以及可能导致使用 与SRB的HFRT。这一项目产生的公布数据将对制定有关政策至关重要。 增加非洲的放射治疗机会。公布的数据也将与规划高度相关 来自R 01资助项目的美国-非洲多中心临床试验， 包括非洲人和非裔美国人在内的传统上在临床试验中代表性不足的人群。 此外，随着COVID-19的进一步发展，这项工作在全球卫生领域的意义更加重大。 暴露了在获得护理方面的差距程度，专业协会建议增加 使用基于证据的HFRT。

Project Abstract This application is being submitted in response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) identified as NOT-CA-22-057. The goal of the NOSI is to stimulate or strengthen global cancer health disparities research. One of the major area of global cancer health disparities is in access to radiotherapy, employed in the treatment of over 50% of cancer patients. According to the recent World Health Organization Cancer Report and Lancet Oncology Commission Report for Sub-Saharan Africa, these disparities are particularly alarming for African populations and may underlie the disparities in access to radiotherapy also seen among African American/immigrant populations in the USA. A greater understanding and innovative approaches to reduce these disparities in access to radiotherapy are crucial in addressing the growing global burden of cancer and disparities in cancer deaths. Innovative approaches with potential to significantly reduce disparities in access to radiotherapy include use of evidence-based hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) and smart radiotherapy biomaterials (SRBs), which are being developed under the parent R01 grant. The SRBs can be employed in place of currently used inert radiotherapy biomaterials (fiducials and beacons). Preliminary studies have established that the SRBs can boost both local and metastatic tumor kill when used in conjunction with HFRT. However, a major gap in the scientific literature is the extent of adoption and utilization of HFRT and radiotherapy biomaterials at African country cancer centers and the currently available infrastructure, including human infrastructure for adoption of such an approach with the SRBs. Hence, in this supplement project, we will investigate disparities in the adoption and utilization of evidence-based HFRT and radiotherapy biomaterials in Africa in comparison with the USA, and potential cost savings that could result in use of HFRT with SRBs. Published data resulting from this project will be crucial in informing policy on increasing access to radiotherapy in Africa. The published data will also be highly relevant in planning USA-Africa multi-center clinical trials resulting from the R01-funded project with participation of diverse populations, including Africans and African Americans traditionally underrepresented in clinical trials. Moreover, the significance of this work is even greater now in global health as COVID-19 has further exposed the level of disparities in access to care, with professional societies recommending increased use of evidence-based HFRT.