Cellular and molecular mechanisms involving SLAMF1 during pulmonary fungal infection

项目摘要/摘要 肺细胞对微生物的抵抗需要一个涉及基质和天然髓系的信号网络 和淋巴样细胞。到目前为止，对信号受体和信号通路的了解还不完全。信令 淋巴细胞分子家族(SLAMF)受体在造血细胞和肺中广泛表达 上皮细胞使它们成为协调吞噬细胞杀死微生物的理想候选者。我们最近报道了 在肺部感染皮炎芽孢杆菌(Bd)时，SLAMF1是先天需要的 对于疫苗诱导的CD4+T细胞的免疫和可有可无。在初步数据中，我们发现， SLAMF1是中性粒细胞和单核细胞在体内杀死酵母所必需的，但受体是必需的。 因为在体外杀人。这些发现表明，依赖于SLAMF1的外在信号激活吞噬细胞杀死 体内的酵母菌。 在这个应用中，我们打算阐明SLAMF1受体在哪里以及如何赋予吞噬细胞以 在肺部真菌感染期间体内杀死酵母菌的能力。我们假设先天淋巴细胞和 SLAMF1介导的中性粒细胞活化需要CCR2+单核细胞。我们还假设SLAMF1 通过先天淋巴细胞之间的嗜高性(SLAMF1：SLAMF1)相互作用来调节其功能 或通过SLAMF1直接感应酵母菌。我们提供了强有力的初步数据来 支持我们的假设。通过使用一组针对17个肺白细胞群体的抗体， 16小时后发现SLAMF1在CD_4~+T细胞受体~+、T细胞受体~+、MAIT细胞和Ly6chi CCR2~+单核细胞上表达 感染后。我们在AIM 1中的工作计划提供的方法将阐明SLAMF1对以下方面的要求 淋巴、髓系或基质细胞可激活中性粒细胞，杀死酵母菌。在目标2中，我们将定义模式 通过区分表达SLAMF1的细胞之间的SLAMF1同源相互作用来研究SLAMF1的作用 SLAMF1对酵母的受体与直接感应的比较。我们的工作将确定受体介导的新机制 激活先天效应细胞，为后续研究推进细节奠定基础 对SLAMF1如何协调信号和中性粒细胞激活的机械性洞察，就像这些细胞 对抗真菌和其他微生物病原体的最有效的效应器。这些知识将提供基础 开发和设计针对真菌和其他致病菌的治疗方法的新策略 需要先天免疫才能抑制病原体的微生物。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Lung cellular resistance against microbes requires a signaling network involving stroma and innate myeloid and lymphoid cells. To date, the signaling receptors and pathways are incompletely understood. Signaling Lymphocyte Molecule Family (SLAMF) receptors are widely expressed among hematopoietic cells and lung epithelial cells making them ideal candidates to orchestrate phagocyte killing of microbes. We recently reported that during pulmonary infection with the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis (Bd), SLAMF1 is required for innate immunity and dispensable for priming vaccine-induced CD4+ Tcells. In preliminary data, we found that SLAMF1 is required for killing of the yeast by neutrophils and monocytes in vivo, but the receptor is dispensible for killing in vitro. These findings suggest that extrinsic, SLAMF1 dependent signals activate phagocytes to kill yeast in vivo. In this application, we propose to elucidate where and how SLAMF1 receptors endow phagocytes with the ability to kill yeast in vivo during pulmonary fungal infection. We hypothesize that innate lymphocytes and CCR2+ monocytes are required for SLAMF1-mediated neutrophil activation. We also posit that SLAMF1 mediates its function through homophilic (SLAMF1:SLAMF1) interactions between innate lymphocytes and monocytes or through direct sensing of the yeast by SLAMF1. We provide strong preliminary data to support our hypotheses. By using a panel of antibodies directed against 17 pulmonary leukocyte populations, we found SLAMF1 staining on CD4+TCR+, TCR+, MAIT cells and Ly6Chi CCR2+ monocytes at 16 hours post-infection. Our workplan in Aim 1 offers approaches that will elucidate the requirement of SLAMF1 on lymphoid, myeloid or stromal cells for activation of neutrophil killing of yeast. In Aim 2, we will define the mode of SLAMF1 action by distinguishing between SLAMF1 homophilic interactions among cells that express the receptor vs. direct sensing of yeast by SLAMF1. Our work will identify new mechanisms of receptor-mediated activation of innate effector cells and lay the groundwork for subsequent studies to advance detailed mechanistic insight into how SLAMF1 orchestrates signaling and activation of neutrophils, as these cells are the most potent effector to combat fungal and other microbial pathogens. This knowledge will provide the basis for developing and designing new strategies for therapeutic treatments against fungi, and other pathogenic microbes that require innate immunity for pathogen restraint.