The contribution of semantic bias to false memory in healthy aging

项目摘要/摘要 记忆问题在健康的认知老化中很普遍，并与较低的生活质量有关。错误 记忆--对事件的记忆不同于它们是如何发生的--在整个生命周期中都会增加。老年人 也显示了向语义记忆--概念记忆--的转变，而不是情节记忆--记忆 用于时空上下文中的事件。然而，目前还不清楚向语义记忆的转变如何影响。 对老年人错误记忆增加的致敬。更好地理解了产生 在一生中消除错误记忆将是fi朝着缓解健康衰老中的记忆担忧迈出的第一步。 使用行为和神经成像方法的组合，该提议旨在将语义直接联系起来 老年人对错误记忆的偏向。传统上用来研究错误记忆容量的实验范式 利用研究项目之间的语义重叠来产生稳健的错误记忆效果；然而，经验 也可以在时间上重叠，或在时间上接近地一起发生。时间重叠可能以不同方式影响错误 跨越一生的记忆。年轻人可以利用时间信息来支持真实的记忆，并且 初步数据表明，年轻人也可以利用时间信息来拒绝虚假记忆。怎么- 老年人利用时间信息可能有更大的差异，因此更容易出现错误 回忆。因此，确定语义加工和情节加工的相对贡献将会有所改善 老年人对错误记忆的理解增加。这项提议检验了这样一种假设，即老年人的偏见 走向语义加工调节编码机制以促进错误记忆。确定范围的步骤 语义加工与情景加工对错误记忆的贡献，年轻人和老年人都会完成 一种行为任务，其中研究项目之间的时间和语义重叠被操纵，然后COM- 进行一次错误记忆的测试。在老年人的语义偏见和神经表征之间建立联系 对于真记忆和假记忆，研究项目和功能磁之间的语义重叠会被操纵 磁共振成像(FMRI)将被用来测量年轻人真实和错误记忆的神经模式相似性 以及年长的成年人。拟议的研究直接符合NIA的使命，因为这项研究的结果是- POSAL将提供对健康衰老中的记忆损害的洞察，并作为fi朝着改善的第一步 记忆是提高老年生活质量的重要因素。因为健康衰老的特点是微妙的 认知变化，很难区分典型的衰老所致的认知衰退和因衰老而导致的认知衰退(ficult 遗忘性轻度认知障碍或阿尔茨海默病。因此，更透彻地了解 在健康老龄化中引起错误记忆变化的机制也将为进一步 消除健康老龄化与痴呆症的歧义。

Project Summary/Abstract Memory concerns are prevalent in healthy cognitive aging and are associated with lower quality of life. False memory – remembering events differently than how they happened – increases across the lifespan. Older adults also show a shift toward semantic memory – memory for concepts – and away from episodic memory – memory for events within a spatiotemporal context. However, it is unclear how the shift toward semantic memory con- tributes to increased false memory in older adults. An improved understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to false memories across the lifespan will be the first step toward alleviating memory concerns in healthy aging. Using a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging approaches, this proposal aims to directly link semantic bias to false memory in older adults. Experimental paradigms traditionally used to investigate false memory capi- talize upon semantic overlap between study items to produce robust false memory effects; however, experiences can also temporally overlap, or occur close together in time. Temporal overlap may differentially impact false memory across the lifespan. Young adults can leverage temporal information to support true memories, and preliminary data suggests that young adults can also utilize temporal information to reject false memories. How- ever, older adults may have greater difficulty utilizing temporal information and thus be more susceptible to falsely remembering. Therefore, identifying the relative contributions of semantic and episodic processing will improve understanding of false memory increases in older adults. This proposal tests the hypothesis that older adults' bias toward semantic processing modulates encoding mechanisms to promote false memory. To determine the extent to which semantic versus episodic processing contribute to false memory, young and older adults will complete a behavioral task in which temporal and semantic overlap between study items is manipulated, and then com- plete a test of false memory. To establish a link between older adults' semantic bias and neural representations of true and false memories, semantic overlap will be manipulated between study items and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be used to measure neural pattern similarity for true and false memories in young and older adults. The proposed research is directly in line with the mission of the NIA, as the results of this pro- posal will provide insight into memory impairments in healthy aging and serve as a first step towards ameliorating memory concerns to improve quality of life in older adulthood. Because healthy aging is characterized by subtle cognitive changes, it can be difficult to distinguish between cognitive declines due to typical aging and those due to amnestic mild cognitive impairments or Alzheimer's Disease. Thus, a more thorough understanding of how the mechanisms that give rise to false memories change in healthy aging will also provide a foundation for further disambiguation of healthy aging from dementia.