ShEEP Request for Sensorimotor Dynamic Response Measurement System

到目前为止，福尔斯是老年人意外伤害和死亡的主要原因。退伍军人群体 受福尔斯影响更严重，因为它比总人口年龄大得多（65岁以上的占45%）。 年龄与13%）;退伍军人将从准确的诊断和治疗中受益更多。 平衡赤字和下跌倾向。尽管它很重要，但人们对它的方式仍知之甚少。 平衡控制会受到年龄和疾病的影响这是一个获得感觉运动动力学的建议 响应测量系统（SDRMS），来自政府科学资源公司。来测量信号 处理延迟、传输延迟和与四个反馈感觉运动相关的神经噪声 参与站立和行走平衡的通路，由此产生的前馈运动信号， 肌肉组织以及相关肌肉组织的响应动力学。 人体平衡是由许多相互作用的感觉运动和 肌肉骨骼元素，组织成一个自适应反馈控制回路。这些元素交流 这些信号的质量构成了一个重要的，很大程度上 这个循环性能的一个被忽视的方面。衰老、相关的发病率和损伤不仅会导致 这个循环中的元素恶化;它们也增加了与其神经网络相关的延迟和噪声。 信号.增加的传输延迟和噪声本身会降低平衡系统的性能 并且如果它们变得过多，则可能导致这样的系统失效。尽管其重要性， 传输延迟和噪声很少被全面地测量和研究， 系统的方式。SDRMS解决了这一差距。这些信息对于研究脆弱的 退伍军人群体，因为它提供了一个人的平衡能力的定量措施。适当 评估平衡中的感觉功能需要将每种形式与其他形式隔离开来， 独立测试（以防止感觉系统冗余的混淆效应），以确定 它检测相关刺激的准确性和灵敏度;它的信号到达的速度 大脑的高级处理中心，以及与其信号相关的噪音。然后，SDRMS 测量大脑运动中心传达肌肉激活命令的速度， 肌肉组织，与这些信号相关的噪声，以及肌肉产生的激活动力学 反应这些措施可以与那些没有缺陷的年轻健康个体进行比较， 量化由年龄、疾病和伤害带来的恶化程度;并跟踪平衡的变化 时间的能力。该系统还可以识别特定平衡系统的相对贡献 元素和它们传递给这种恶化的神经信号。 政府科学资源公司将提供集成系统。SDRMS的评估 发生在五个阶段，对应于其五个模块中的每一个。虽然这些模块被用于 序列，它们共享单独的组件。因此，不可能"将系统分开"， 将这些模块用作单独的测量系统。此外，虽然个人的感觉方式 和前馈途径是相互隔离测试的，重要的是所有的评估都是 因为平衡系统可以随着时间以微妙的方式适应和改变。

Falls are by far the leading cause of accidental injury and death in older adults. The Veteran population is more severely affected by falls since it is significantly older than the overall population (45% over 65 years of age vs. 13%); and Veterans would benefit substantially more from an accurate diagnosis and treatment of balance deficits and fall propensity. Despite its importance, much is still unknown about the manner in which balance control is compromised by age and disease. This is a proposal to acquire a Sensorimotor Dynamic Response Measurement System (SDRMS) from Government Scientific Source, Inc. to measure signal processing delays, transmission delays, and the neural noise associated with the four feedback sensorimotor pathways involved in standing and walking balance, the resulting feedforward motor signals to the musculature, and the response dynamics of the associated musculature. Human balance is controlled and maintained by numerous interacting sensorimotor and musculoskeletal elements, organized into an adaptive feedback control loop. These elements communicate with one another via neural signals, and the quality of these signals constitutes an important, largely overlooked aspect of this loop’s performance. Aging, associated morbidities, and injuries not only cause the elements within this loop to deteriorate; they also increase the delays and noise associated with their neural signals. Increased transmission delays and noise will in themselves degrade balance system performance and can cause such a system to fail if they become excessive. Despite its significance, balance-related transmission delays and noise have rarely been measured and investigated in a comprehensive and systematic manner. The SDRMS addresses this gap. This information is valuable for studying vulnerable Veteran populations in that it provides quantitative measures of an individual’s balance capability. Proper assessment of the sensory function in balance requires that each modality be isolated from the others and tested independently (to prevent the confounding effects of sensory system redundancy) to determine the accuracy and sensitivity with which it detects its associated stimulus; the speed with which its signals reach the higher level processing centers of the brain, and the noise associated with its signal. The SDRMS then measures the speed with which the motor centers of the brain communicate muscle activation commands to the musculature, the noise associated with these signals, and the muscles’ resulting activation dynamic response. These measures can be compared with those of young healthy individuals with no deficits to quantify the degree of deterioration brought on by age, disease, and injury; and to track changes in balance capability over time. The system can also identify the relative contribution of specific balance system elements and the neural signals they transmit to this deterioration. Government Scientific Source, Inc. will deliver the integrated system. Assessment by the SDRMS occurs in five phases corresponding to each of its five modules. Though the modules are employed in sequence, they share individual components. Thus, it would not be possible to “break the system apart” and employ the modules as separate measurement systems. Moreover, though the individual sensory modalities and feedforward pathways are tested in isolation from one another, it is important that all the assessments be conducted contiguously, as the balance system can adapt and change in subtle ways over time.