Factors that Influence Risk and Resilience Trajectories of Neurodevelopment

“这项研究是NIH帮助结束成瘾长期(Heal)倡议的一部分，该倡议旨在加快科学解决国家阿片类药物公共健康危机。NIH Hear倡议支持整个NIH的研究，以改善阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的治疗。“ 神经发育过程是由基因和环境之间的动态相互作用塑造的。为了阐明各种环境危害如何影响发展，有必要对美国人口的大量和人口结构多样化的样本建立一个关于生命最初10年的发展轨迹的标准模板。为了实现这一目标，健康大脑和儿童发展(HBCD)研究将部署一套协调、优化和创新的神经成像(MRI、EEG)测量方法，并辅之以广泛的行为、生理和心理工具以了解 对7500名母婴双胞胎样本的神经发育轨迹在生命的头十年进行了跟踪调查。拟议的多样性补充将补充更大的项目，并将培训一名博士后研究员先进的研究方法、数据收集方法和资质，以便她获得研究独立性。与父母资助相关的申请人的主要研究项目涉及以下两个具体目标：1)确定关键的发育窗口，在此期间，保护性影响对神经发育轨迹影响最大；2)评估早期照顾者-儿童的影响 对后来的发展结果的关系。目标1将通过利用已经从PI和Mentor Morris的更广泛的研究计划中收集的数据来实现，该计划包括从母亲和婴儿(n=105；32%少数民族，34%农村)收集的纵向观察、调查和访谈数据。目标2将通过与国家HBCD工作组侧重于观测评估的小组委员会合作来实现。导师兼MPI Morris与来自西北大学的共同导师Laurie Wakschlag共同领导这个工作组。他们正在共同开发一种环境评估中的情绪调节(ERICA)编码系统，该系统具有文化信息和实用性，包括现场编码系统。候选人巴兰将积极参与评估Erica的编码系统，并将帮助分析定性 将作为Erica文化敏感焦点的一部分收集的数据。指导团队包括具有以下方面专长的内部和外部导师：母体物质使用；婴儿心理健康；研究方法；多样性、公平性和包容性；以及发育神经成像。该应用程序描述了一项深入的指导计划，该计划利用了团队的各种优势，并将加强候选人巴兰的技能和知识基础，使她成为一名独立研究员。

“This study is part of the NIH’s Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) initiative to speed scientific solutions to the national opioid public health crisis. The NIH HEAL Initiative bolsters research across NIH to improve treatment for opioid misuse and addiction.” Neurodevelopmental processes are shaped by dynamic interactions between genes and environments. To elucidate how various environmental hazards impact development, it is imperative that a large and demographically diverse sample of the US population establish a normative template of developmental trajectories over the first 10 years of life. To accomplish this, the Healthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study will deploy a harmonized, optimized, and innovative battery of neuroimaging (MRI, EEG) measures complemented by an extensive battery of behavioral, physiological, and psychological tools to understand neurodevelopmental trajectories in a sample of 7,500 mother-infant dyads followed for the first decade of life. The proposed diversity supplement will complement the larger project and will train a postdoctoral research fellow in advanced research methodology, data collection methods, and grantsmanship in order for her to gain research independence. The primary research project for the applicant associated with parent grant involves the two following specific aims: 1) Identify key developmental windows during which protective influences are most impactful on neurodevelopmental trajectories; and 2) Assess the impact of early caregiver-child relationships on later developmental outcomes. Aim 1 will be accomplished by utilizing already collected data from PI and mentor Morris’s broader program of research that includes longitudinal observational, survey, and interview data collected from mothers and infants (n=105; 32% ethnic minority, 34% rural). Aim 2 will be accomplished by working with the subcommittee of the national HBCD workgroup focused on observational assessments. Mentor and MPI Morris is co-leading this workgroup with Co-Mentor Laurie Wakschlag from Northwestern University. Together, they are developing a coding system for the Emotion Regulation in Context Assessment (ERICA) that is culturally informed and pragmatic, including a system for live coding. Candidate Barlaan will actively be involved in evaluating the ERICA’s coding system and will help analyze the qualitative data that will be collected as part of the cultural sensitivity focus of the ERICA. The mentoring team includes internal and external mentors with expertise in maternal substance use; infant mental health; research methods; diversity, equity, and inclusion; and developmental neuroimaging. The application describes an in-depth mentoring plan that utilizes the various strengths of the team and will strengthen candidate Barlaan’s skills and knowledge base positioning her as an independent researcher.