RELATIVE HEALTH RISKS OF DIESEL EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS

重型柴油机在地下矿井中的广泛使用， 对可能对健康产生的不利影响表示关切， 矿工暴露在柴油废气中。特别值得关注的是暴露 柴油颗粒物（diesel particulate matter），主要存在于可吸入的空气中。 范围，并含有致突变和致癌的有机化合物。的 这一延续建议的目的是评估 柴油机排放控制装置对矿井内有害气体浓度的影响 与健康相关的DPM组分，如多环芳烃 (PAH)和致突变性，以评估这些器械的影响 对地下矿山环境空气质量的影响。这个项目是一个 密歇根理工大学（MTU）参与的合作研究 和矿业局（BOM）。 该项目的具体目标是：1）收集 正在使用柴油排放控制装置的地下矿井; 2)提取和定量与以下物质相关的有机物质： 3）确定与该药物相关的致突变性， 使用艾姆斯测定法对有机部分进行定量;以及 与有机部分相关的致突变和致癌PAH。一 半挥发性有机物亦会进行定性研究 收集在聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）上。 管理局正计划进行三种排放控制的实地测试 两种配置的设备。将测试一次性排气过滤器 在使用柴油运输车辆的地下煤矿中。催化的 柴油颗粒过滤器和氧化催化转化器将 在一辆装载运输-倾卸车上一起进行了测试， 我的在每个矿场，管理局人员将收集样品， 化学和生物分析。高容量采样器， 惯性撞击器将用于清除非柴油颗粒， 与PUF结合以收集水相和气相有机物。 样品将在运输道路和路段进口处收集。的 采集的样本数量将取决于对照品是否 装置安装在车辆上。 将在MTU确定每种产品的残渣和有机馏分水平 sample.将使用以下方法测定有机组分的致突变性： 沙门氏菌/微粒体致突变性的微悬浮液版本 生物测定（艾姆斯测定）。定量测定空气中多达20种PAH和硝基PAH 有机馏分将使用高性能液体 色谱和荧光检测。 对这些数据的分析将确定从以下方面获得的效益： 控制设备使用。这些数据也将与获得的数据进行比较。 在目前的研究中， 无对照器械）和实验室试验细胞生成的数据， 控制装置。

The extensive use of heavy-duty diesel engines in underground mines has raised concerns about the potential adverse health effects arising from exposure of miners to diesel exhaust. Of particular concerns is exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM), which is largely in the respirable range and contains mutagenic and carcinogenic organic compounds. The objective of this continuation proposal is to evaluate the effects of diesel emission control devices on the in-mine concentrations of DPM and health-related DPM-components such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and mutagenicity in order to assess the effects of these devices on air quality of the underground mine environment. This project is a collaborative study involving Michigan Technological University (MTU) and the Bureau of Mines (BOM). The specific aims of this proposed project are: 1) collection of DPM in underground mines where diesel emission control devices are being used; 2) extraction and quantification of the organic material associated with the DPM; 3) determination of the mutagenicity associated with the organic fraction using the Ames assay; and 4) quantification of selected mutagenic and carcinogenic PAH associated with the organic fraction. A qualitative study will also be conducted on semi-volatile organics collected on polyurethane foam (PUF). The BOM is planning on conducting field tests of three emission control devices in two configurations. Disposable exhaust filters will be tested in an underground coal mine using diesel haulage vehicles. A catalyzed diesel particle filter and an oxidation catalytic converter will be tested together on a load-haul-dump vehicle in an underground molybdenum mine. At each mine, samples will be collected by BOM personnel for chemical and biological analyses at MTU. Hi-volume samplers fitted with inertial impactors to remove non-diesel particles will be used in conjunction with PUF to collect both DPM and vapor phase organics. Samples will be collected the haulage road and section intake. The number of samples collected will depend upon whether or not a control device is installed on the vehicle. The DPM and organic fraction levels will be determined at MTU for each sample. Organic fraction mutagenicity will be determined using the microsuspension version of the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity bioassay (Ames assay). Quantification of up to 20 PAH and nitro-PAH in the organic fraction will be conducted using high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. Analysis of these data will determine the benefits to be derived from control device usage. The data will also be compared to those obtained in the current study on both in-mine diesel-related concentrations without control devices) and laboratory test cell-generated data with the control devices.