Prenatal and early-life black carbon exposure and childhood cardiometabolic health

项目摘要 儿童肥胖是一个重大的公共卫生挑战。在生命早期暴露于环境化学物质可能会导致 儿童肥胖和心脏代谢健康紊乱的风险增加。黑碳是一种与交通有关的 空气污染物与成人心血管不良后果和早期死亡率有关。很少 以前的流行病学研究调查了早期生活中的黑碳暴露和儿童肥胖 和增长成果。因此，黑碳仍然是一个研究不足，但广泛的接触， 与心脏代谢稳态破坏的生物学合理联系。我们将利用现有的数据， 健康开始研究，2009-2014年入组的1，410名孕妇及其后代的出生前队列 随后在丹佛大都市区进行了8年的随访。健康的开始已经广泛的表型 儿童心脏代谢健康的生物学和人体测量方法， 使用最先进的空气置换体积描记法测量身体成分， 体重指数（BMI），和代谢稳态的血液生物标志物，包括空腹葡萄糖，胰岛素， 脂质和脂肪因子。具体目标是：1）估计产前和童年之间的关联 4-6岁时接触黑碳和肥胖指标，2）估计产前 儿童期暴露于黑碳和4-6岁时的后代心脏代谢生物标志物，以及3） 估计产前和儿童期黑碳暴露与BMI增长的纵向关联 2-8年的轨迹。我们假设，早期生活中接触黑碳会导致更高的风险， 儿童的不良心脏代谢结果。这一结果将促进人们对黑色影响的理解。 碳，一种与交通有关的空气污染物，对儿童肥胖和心脏代谢健康的影响。这些发现 将提供必要的信息，以环境政策制定者负责管理公众的 暴露于空气污染。申请人是科罗拉多大学安舒茨分校的博士生 医学校园，提供最先进的研究设施，国际公认的肥胖症教师 和糖尿病，以及为博士生提供的大量职业发展资源。申请人已经 组建了一支由环境科学家和生命周期流行病学专家组成的强大导师团队 专家，并制定了全面的培训计划，以建立专门的研究和分析技能， 包括1）建立生命周期流行病学方法和研究设计的知识，2）获得分析技能， 复杂相关和空间定义的环境暴露的方法，以及3）开发 纵向数据统计建模技术的方法学专业知识。通过完成 建议的研究和培训计划，申请人将发展必要的技能，成功完成 建议的项目，并继续朝着她的职业目标，成为一个独立的道路上 研究环境暴露对整个生命过程中慢性疾病的影响的研究人员。

PROJECT SUMMARY Child obesity is a major public health challenge. Exposure to environmental chemicals early in life may lead to increased risk for obesity and cardiometabolic health disruption in childhood. Black carbon is a traffic-related air pollutant that is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and early mortality in adults. Very few previous epidemiologic studies have investigated black carbon exposure during early life and childhood obesity and growth outcomes. Accordingly, black carbon remains an understudied, yet widespread exposure with a biologically plausible link to disrupted cardiometabolic homeostasis. We will leverage existing data from the Healthy Start study, a pre-birth cohort of 1,410 pregnant women enrolled 2009-2014 and their offspring followed through age 8 years in the Denver-metropolitan area. Healthy Start has extensively phenotyped participants on biological and anthropometric measures of childhood cardiometabolic health, including precise body composition measures using state-of-the-art air displacement plethysmography, longitudinal measures of body mass index (BMI), and blood biomarkers of metabolic homeostasis including fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, and adipokines. The specific aims are: 1) to estimate associations between prenatal and childhood exposure to black carbon and indicators of adiposity at 4-6 years, 2) to estimate associations between prenatal and childhood exposure to black carbon and offspring cardiometabolic biomarkers at 4-6 years, and 3) to estimate longitudinal associations of prenatal and childhood exposure to black carbon with BMI growth trajectories from 2-8 years. We hypothesize that early-life exposure to black carbon will result in higher risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in children. The results will advance understanding of the impact of black carbon, a specific traffic-related air pollutant, on childhood adiposity and cardiometabolic health. The findings will provide essential information to environmental policy makers responsible for regulating the public’s exposure to air pollution. The Applicant is a productive doctoral student at the University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, which offers state-of-the-art research facilities, internationally recognized faculty in obesity and diabetes, and a plethora of career development resources for doctoral students. The Applicant has assembled a strong mentorship team that comprises environmental scientists and lifecourse epidemiology experts and developed a comprehensive training plan to build specialized research and analytic skills, including 1) build knowledge in lifecourse epidemiology methods and study design, 2) gain skills in analytic approaches for complex correlated and spatially defined environmental exposures, and 3) develop methodologic expertise in statistical modeling techniques for longitudinal data. Through the completion of the proposed research and training plan, the Applicant will develop the skills necessary to successfully complete the proposed project and to continue on the path towards her career goal of becoming an independent researcher studying the impacts of environmental exposures on chronic diseases across the lifecourse.