Taxonomies Supporting Orientation, Navigation and Auditing of Terminologies

最近，我们看到了新一代的医学术语，满足了人们对 西米诺。例如SNOMED CT(医学的系统化术语-临床术语)、 国家癌症研究所主题词表(NCIT)，Kaiser的融合医学术语(CMT)，资深 管理内部企业术语、解剖学基础模型(FMA)和医学 实体词典(MED)。这些术语具有相当大的规模和复杂性，这就会产生错误 不可避免的。因此，审计它们是必不可少的，因为术语是决策支持的基础 系统、临床病历、医疗保健管理系统等。我们建议设计审计 利用满足期望的术语的特征的技术，例如系统 关系继承。我们的技术将基于将大量概念划分为两个步骤 分解成结构和语义上相似的更小单元，以便更容易理解 并进行了审计。这些单元是区域，其中包含具有相同关系(结构)和 部分区域，其中包含来自某个区域的概念，这些概念都是单个根概念的后代 (统一语义)。我们将开发两个级别的抽象网络(区域分类和部分区域 分类)，支持紧凑的视图、审计、维护和理解。中间人 使用获取模式区域的划分提炼了局部区域分类。高级分区 将制定方法来处理一些更复杂的案件。这些审计方法将 通用并适用于符合西米诺愿望的术语，这些术语允许关系 在IS-A层级中的多个点引入，这是MED及其以前的分析中所缺乏的一个特征。 给出了SNOMED和NCIT的误差实例。我们将使用SNOMED和NCIT的基因组学 层级结构是我们方法论的试验台。我们将对我们的结果进行严格的评估 审计SNOMED和NCIT和我们关于小部分区域错误可能性高的假设 和严格的继承地区，以及我们的审计方法。这将涉及到人类受试者， 我们的博士生，哥伦比亚大学的西米诺博士和赫普萨克博士，3M医疗系统公司的埃尔哈南博士， SNOMED的Spackman和来自美国眼科学会(AAO)的两名编辑。

Recently, we have seen a new generation of medical terminologies, satisfying the popular desiderata of Cimino. Examples are SNOMED CT (theSystematized Nomenclature of Medicine - Clinical Terms), the National Cancer Institute Thesaurus (NCIT), Kaiser's Convergent Medical Terminology (CMT), the Veteran Administration's internal enterprise terminology, the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) and the Medical Entities Dictionary (MED). These terminologies are of substantial size and complexity, which makes errors unavoidable. Therefore, auditing them is essential, because terminologies underlie decision-support systems, clinical patient records, healthcare administrative systems, etc. We propose to design auditing techniques that utilize the features of terminologies satisfying the desiderata, such as systematic relationship inheritance. Our techniques will be based on dividing a large collection of concepts, in two steps into smaller units of structurally and semantically similar concepts that can be more easily comprehended and audited. The units are Areas, which contain sets of concepts with the same relationships (structure) and Partial Areas, which contain concepts from an Area that are all descendants of one single root concept (uniform semantics). We will develop two levels of abstraction networks (Area Taxonomy and Partial-Area Taxonomy) that support compact views, auditing, maintenance and comprehension. An intermediate partition using obtainment-pattern regions refines the Partial-Area taxonomy. Advanced partitioning methodologies will be developed to handle some more complex cases. These auditing methodologies will be general and applicable to terminologies conforming to Cimino's desiderata that allow a relationship to be introduced at multiple points in the IS-Ahierarchy, a feature lacking in the MED and its previous analyses. A sample of errors in SNOMED and NCIT is presented. We will use SNOMED and the NCIT's genomics hierarchies as test-beds for our methodologies. We will perform a rigorous evaluation of our results of auditing SNOMED and NCIT and our hypothesis about the high likelihood of errors in small Partial-Areas and strict inheritance regions, and our auditing methodology. This will be done involving human subjects, our Ph.D.students, Drs.Cimino and Hripcsak of Columbia, Dr. Elhanan of 3M Medical Systems, Dr. Spackman of SNOMED and two editors from the American Academy of Ophthalmologists (AAO).