Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program - Hawaii

美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）的监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）计划是美国癌症发病率和生存率的权威信息来源。SEER目前收集和发布来自基于人群的癌症登记处的癌症发病率和生存数据，覆盖约26%的美国人口。SEER覆盖范围包括23%的非洲裔美国人，40%的西班牙裔美国人，42%的美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民，53%的亚洲人以及70%的夏威夷和太平洋岛屿美国人。NCI目前维护的SEER数据包括540万例癌症的记录。该数据库是报告癌症负担的重要资源，并被NCI内外的研究人员用于进行描述性流行病学研究。 SEER计划是NCI监测活动的核心组成部分，为规划癌症控制和研究计划提供信息，并评估这些计划对癌症发病率的影响。 SEER计划于1972年启动，以响应国家癌症计划的要求，评估美国癌症负担的程度，并确定与癌症风险和/或患者生存相关的因素。SEER方案的目标包括： 1.定期收集和报告癌症发病率的估计值，特别是以下关键癌症部位：乳腺癌、肺癌、结肠直肠癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌和膀胱癌。 2.监测年度癌症发病率趋势，以确定由地理、人口统计学和社会特征定义的人群亚组中发生的特定癌症形式的异常变化。 3.提供关于诊断时疾病程度随时间变化、治疗趋势和癌症患者生存率变化的持续信息。 4.确定可能的医源性癌症的发生率，即，由癌症治疗引起的癌症。 5.作为国家癌症研究所的研究资源，并进行研究，处理当前的癌症控制问题以及与SEER计划的运作有关的问题。

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is an authoritative source of information on cancer incidence and survival in the United States. SEER currently collects and publishes cancer incidence and survival data from population-based cancer registries covering approximately 26 percent of the US population. SEER coverage includes 23 percent of African Americans, 40 percent of Hispanic Americans, 42 percent of American Indians and Alaska Natives, 53 percent of Asians, and 70 percent of Hawaiian and Pacific Island Americans. The current SEER data maintained at NCI includes records on 5.4 million cancers. The database serves as important resource for reporting on the burden of cancer, and is utilized by researchers both within and outside of NCI for the purpose of conducting descriptive epidemiologic studies. The SEER Program is a core component of the NCI's surveillance activities which provide information used for planning cancer control and research programs, and for evaluating the impact of such programs on cancer rates. The SEER Program was initiated in 1972 in response to requirements of the National Cancer Program for assessing the magnitude of the cancer burden in the United States, and for identifying factors related to cancer risk and/or patient survival. The SEER Program has among its objectives: 1. To assemble and report, on a periodic basis, estimates of cancer incidence, especially among the following key cancer sites: breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and urinary bladder cancer. 2. To monitor annual cancer incidence trends to identify unusual changes in specific forms of cancer occurring in population subgroups defined by geographic, demographic, and social characteristics. 3. To provide continuing information on changes over time in extent of disease at diagnosis, trends in therapy, and changes in cancer patient survival. 4. To identify the occurrence of possible iatrogenic cancers, i.e., cancers that are caused by cancer therapy. 5. To serve as a research resource to the National Cancer Institute, and conduct studies dealing with current cancer control issues as well as problems related to the operation of the SEER Program.